针对长江口10个站位样品,采用HM培养基和ZMCA培养基分离培养耐(嗜)盐菌,通过PCR方法获取156株细菌的16S rDNA序列。其中,由HM培养基分离获得136株菌株,可划分为33个分类单元(OUT),分属α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)、γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的芽孢杆菌纲(Bacilli)3个类群,其中γ-变形菌纲为优势耐(嗜)盐细菌;靠近海岸的站点M5-1,N6-2和M4-1耐(嗜)盐细菌均属于厚壁菌门,而远离海岸的站点耐(嗜)盐细菌均属于变形菌门。以ZMCA培养基分离获得的20株菌株分属α-变形菌纲和放线菌纲(Actinobacteria),可划分为10个OTU。由HM培养基分离获得的菌株中,70.5%属于耐盐菌,29.5%属于中度嗜盐菌;由ZMCA培养基分离获得的菌株均为耐盐菌。HM培养基分离得到的136株细菌的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐还原性分析表明,亚硝酸盐还原菌数量仅为硝酸盐还原菌的1/3左右。
Abstract
Halophilic and halotolerant bacteria were isolated by media HM and ZMCA from seawater of ten sampling stations of the Changjiang River Estuary. Totally 156 16S rDNA sequences were obtained, of which 136 sequences were obtained from bacteria isolated by medium HM and the others from medium ZMCA. The bacteria from medium HM could be classified into 33 OUTs and they belonged to genus Oceanicola, Sagittula, Aurantimonas and Stappia within the class α-Proteobacteria; genus Alteromonas, Marinobacter and Pseudoalteromonas within the class γ-Proteobacteria and genus Bacillus, Gracilibacillus, Oceanobacillus, Halobacillus as well as Thalassobacillus within the class Bacilli of phylum Firmicutes. Strains isolated from stations M5-1, N6-2 and M4-1 which close to mainland were all belonged to Firmicutes, while strains isolated from stations far from mainland were all belonged to Proteobacteria. The bacteria isolated from medium ZMCA could be classified into 10 OUTs and they belonged to α-Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. About 70.5% of the 136 strains isolated from medium HM could grow without NaCl and be classified as halotolerant bacteria. About 25.9% of the strains isolated from medium HM could grow in medium containing 0.5% NaCl but no growth was observed without NaCl and could be classified as moderately halophilic bacteria. While for the other 3.59% strains isolated from medium HM, no growth was observed in medium containing 0% or 0.5% NaCl, but growth was observed in media with 10% NaCl, which also could be classified as moderately halophilic bacteria. All strains isolated from medium ZMCA could grow without NaCl and be classified as halotolerant bacteria. 30.3% of strains isolated from medium HM could reduce nitrate, while only 9.9% of the strains could reduce nitrite.
关键词
长江口 /
耐盐菌 /
嗜盐菌 /
细菌群落
Key words
Changjiang River Estuary /
halophilic bacteria /
halotolerant bacteria /
bacterial community
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] LU Jing-rang, DOMINGO J W S, LAMENDELLA R, et a1. Phylogenetic diversity and molecular detection of bacteria in gull feces[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2008,74(13):3 969-3 976.
[2] NING Xiu-ren, KUTI C. The relationship between Chl a, bacteria, ATP, POC and oxygen uptake rates of microorganism in Changjiang River Estuary and diluted water area[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica,1991,13(6):831-837.
宁修仁,C.库蒂.长江口及冲淡水区叶绿素a、细菌、ATP、POC及微生物呼吸作用速率之间的关系[J].海洋学报,1991,13(6):831-837.
[3] BACELAR-NICOLAU P, NICOLAU L B, MARQUES J C, et a1. Bacterioplankton dynamics in the Mondego estuary (Portugal) [J]. Acta Oecologica,2003,24(S1):67-75.
[4] LI Yun, LI Dao-ji. Correlation between the distribution of bacterioplankton and the environmental factors in the Yangtze River Estuary and its adjacent seas[J]. Marine Science Bulletin,2007,26(6):9-18.
李云,李道季.长江口邻近海域浮游细菌分布与环境因子的关系[J].海洋通报,2007,26(6):9-18.
[5] KUSHNER D J. Growth and nutrition of halophilic bacteria[M] // VREELAND R H, HOCHSTEIN L I.The biology of halophilic bacteria. Boca Raton, FL :CRC Press,1993:87-103.
[6] VENTOSA A, NIETO J J, OREN A. Biology of moderately halophilic aerobic bacteria[J]. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews,1998,62(2):504-544.
[7] SONG Zhi-gang, XU Qiang-zhi, LU Xin-an, et al. A primary study on population biodiversity of marine microorganisms from East China Sea[J]. Microbiology China, 2006,33(1):63-67.
宋志刚,许强芝,鲁心安,等,中国东海海洋微生物多样性初步研究[J].微生物学通报,2006,33(1):63-67.
[8] LI He-yang, CHEN Ming-xia, JIAO Nian-zhi. The community composition of bacterioplankton at typical station in the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2012,34(1):183-187.
李和阳,陈明霞,焦念志.长江口典型站位浮游细菌类群的组成特征研究[J].海洋学报,2012,34(1):183-187.
[9] SEKIGUCHI H, KOSHIKAWA H, HIROKI M, et a1. Bacterial distribution and phylogenetic diversity in the Changjiang estuary before the construction[J]. Microbial Ecology,2002,43(1):82-91.
[10] ZOBELL C E. Studies on marine bacteria. I: The cultural requirements of heterotrophic aerobes[J]. Journal of Marine Research,1941,4:42-75.
[11] UPHOFF H U, FELSKE A, FEHR W, et al. The microbial diversity in picoplankton enrichment cultures: A molecular screening of marine isolates[J]. FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2001,35(3):249-258.
[12] RAVENSCHLAG K, SAHM K, PERNTHALER J, et a1. High bacterial diversity in permanently cold marine sediments[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1999,65(9):3 982- 3 989.
[13] XU Xue-wei, WU Yue-hong, WANG Chun-sheng, et al. Marinobacter pelagius sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary,2008,58(3):637-640.
[14] CAI Wen-wei, WANG Hui, TIAN Yun, et al. Influence of a bacteriophage on the population dynamics of toxic dinoflagellates by lysis of algicidal bacteria[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2011,77(21):7 837-7 840.
[15] ZHENG Tian-ling, YANG Xiao-ru, SU Jian-qiang, et al. Compound with high algae removal activity and preparation method thereof: China, CN101935320A [P]. 2011-01-05.
郑天凌,杨小茹,苏建强,等.一种强杀藻活性化合物及其制备方法:中国,CN101935320A[P].2011-01-05.
基金
国家海洋局第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金项目资助(JT1011,JG1025);中国近海海洋综合调查与评价项目(908-ZC-I-02)
PDF(1553 KB)
