河床冲淤是河床在垂直方向上演变的一种形式,它对于河道行洪排涝、涉水工程安全、航道运行乃至自然景观都会产生一定的影响,研究河道冲淤变化具有重要现实和理论意义。本文以宁波市地铁2号线下穿姚江工程为例,应用二维潮流泥沙数学模型与经验公式计算相结合的方法,对在遭遇不同洪潮组合条件下地铁线位处河床的最大冲刷深度进行了研究,为地铁工程的设计提供重要参考依据。研究结果表明,洪水频率越小,工程线位附近河段的最大冲刷深度愈大,冲刷发展呈先加快后减慢的态势。
Abstract
Scour and siltation are the forms of riverbed evolution in the vertical direction, which have some impacts on river flood control and drainage, safety of wading engineering, shipping and natural landscape. So it is important practical and theoretical significance to research the riverbed evolution. Taking the engineering of Ningbo Subway Line 2 undercrossing the Yaojiang River as an example, the method of 2-D mathematical model of tidal flow and sediment combined with the method of empirical formula calculation were used to research the greatest scour depth of riverbed near subway line under different flood and tide conditions. The research results show that the flood frequency become smaller, the maximum scour depth of riverbed near the engineering line become deeper, and riverbed scour develops quickly at first, and then slow down gradually.
关键词
河床演变 /
潮流泥沙 /
数学模型 /
极限冲刷 /
轨道交通
Key words
river bed evolution /
tidal current and sediment /
mathematical model /
maximum scour /
rail transit
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] SHI Ying-biao, LU Hai-yan, YANG Yuan-ping, et al. Prediction of erosion depth under the action of the exceptional flood in the river reaches of a tunnel across the Qiantang estuary[J].Advance in Water Science,2008,9(2):685-692.
史英标,鲁海燕,杨元平,等.钱塘江河口过江隧道河段极端洪水冲刷深度的预测[J].水科学进展,2008,9(2):685-692.
[2] XIE Dong-feng, GAO Shu. Modeling maximum scour depths of tidal channels with mud substrate in shallow marine environments[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences,2006,24(3):10-20.
谢东风,高抒.淤泥质潮流深槽最大冲刷深度的一个概念模型[J].海洋学研究,2006,24(3):10-20.
[3] YAN Wen-wu. Water and sediment characteristics and their scouring and silting law in the three rivers of Ningbo[J]. Hydro-Science and Engineering,2011,33(4):143-148.
严文武.宁波三江河道水沙特性及冲淤变化规律[J].水利水运工程学报,2011,33(4):143-148.
[4] JIN De-gang, ZOU Cang-guo, YANG Cheng-gang. The solution and application of 2D water flow and soil model on mobile bed at central city part of Fenghuajiang River[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences,2008,26(4):29-34.
金德钢,邹长国,杨成刚.奉化江中心城区段二维动床水流泥沙数学模型的求解及应用[J].海洋学研究,2008,26(4):29-34.
[5] LU Yong-jun, YUAN Mei-qi. 2-D Mobile bed turbulent model for tidal funnel[J].Advances in Water Science,1998,9(2):151-158.
陆永军,袁美琦.潮汐河口二维动床紊流模型[J].水科学进展,1998,9(2):151-158.
[6] LIU Jia-ju. Calculation and prediction of siltation in the approach channel to Lianyun Harbour[J]. Hydro-Science and Engineering,1980,2(4):32-37.
刘家驹.连云港外航道的回淤计算及预报[J].水利水运科学研究,1980,2(4):32-37.
[7] CAO Zu-de,LI Bei, KONG Ling-shuang. Carrying capacity for a wave-current coexistent system[J]. Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2001,22(4):151-155.
曹祖德,李蓓,孔令双.波、流共存时的水体挟沙力[J].水道港口,2001,22(4):151-155.
[8] YU Die-shuang, LI Rui-jie, FENG Qing, et al. Characteristics of sediment concentration variations in offshore area south of the Oujiang estuary[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor, 2013,34(1):7-12.
余蝶双, 李瑞杰,丰青,等.瓯江南口外浅滩含沙浓度特征[J].水道港口,2013,34(1):7-12.
[9] CHANG Huai-min, ZHAN Sheng-wen. Scouring depth analysis of pipeline crossing through Yangtze River using empirical formulas[J].Petroleum Engineering Construction,2007,33(10):16-18.
常怀民,詹胜文.经验公式计算某管道长江穿越冲刷深度的分析[J].石油工程建设,2007,33(10):16-18.
[10] Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China. TB10017—1999 Hydrological specifications for survey and design of Railway Engineering[S].1999.
中华人民共和国铁道部.TB10017—1999 铁路工程水文勘测设计规范[S].1999.