海洋站业务化观测仪器是业务化海洋观测系统的重要实体支撑。将我国海洋站中典型的国产业务化测量仪器与美国同类仪器在性能指标方面进行了对比分析,结合世界前沿海洋仪器发展现状总结了未来主要发展趋势,探讨了我国业务化海洋仪器优先发展的主要方向。结果表明,相比美国,我国国产验潮仪精度低1个数量级,测波仪的波高、周期和波向精度分别平均低0.2 m、0.27 s和5°~10°,国产观测仪器在业务运行可靠性和稳定性方面存在不足。世界海洋观测装备将更加信息化、智能化、专业化和模块化,并通过谱系化发展使其功能日臻完善,可靠性不断提高。在此趋势下,我国业务化海洋观测仪器应优先重点发展高精度传感原件和材料、抗生物污损和防腐蚀技术以及智能电子电路、人工智能和自动化技术等。
Abstract
Operational ocean observation instruments (OOOI) lay a solid foundation for operational ocean observation system. Typical OOOI of ocean observing station in China and the U.S. were analyzed comparatively in terms of performance indexes. Then current status and trends of OOOI in the world were described and the prior developing technology of OOOI in China was discussed. The results show that the accuracy of tide gauge is one order of magnitude lower than that in comparing with the U.S., and the accuracy of wave height, period and wave direction are 0.2 m, 0.27 s and 5°~10° lower than those of U.S., respectively. Moreover, operation reliability and stability have also shortcomings. In the world, the ocean observation equipment is becoming more informative, intelligent, professional and modular. Besides, their functions are being perfected through serialization development and the reliability is increasing more and more. Under this trend, high-precision sensor and materials, anti-biological fouling and corrosion protection techniques as well as intelligent electronic circuit, artificial intelligence and automation techniques have the higher priority for developing OOOI in China.
关键词
业务化海洋观测 /
海洋观测仪器 /
发展趋势 /
技术对策
Key words
operational ocean observation /
ocean observing instrument /
development trend /
technical countermeasure
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基金
国家海洋局国家海洋技术中心业务项目资助(Y1140FZ04A,Y1150HW01)
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