东太平洋CC区西区表层沉积物黏土矿物和地球化学特征

付锋; 郑洋; 姚旭莹; 倪建宇

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2017.01.007

PDF(2381 KB)

海洋学研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1) : 55-65. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2017.01.007

研究论文

东太平洋CC区西区表层沉积物黏土矿物和地球化学特征

付锋^1,2, 郑洋^1,2, 姚旭莹^1,2, 倪建宇^*1,2

作者信息 +

Clay mineral and geochemical analysis of surface sediments in the western region of CC Zone in the East Pacific Ocean

FU Feng^1,2, ZHENG Yang^1,2, YAO Xu-ying^1,2, NI Jian-yu^*1,2

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

本文以太平洋CC区西区12个表层沉积物样品作为研究对象,对其粒度、化学组分和矿物成分进行分析,讨论其沉积环境和物质来源。研究区地处深海,主要以深海黏土和硅钙质黏土为主,含有少量的硅质黏土、黏土质硅质软泥和黏土质钙质软泥。黏土矿物成分主要是蒙皂石和伊利石,含有部分的高岭石和绿泥石。黏土矿物组成表明,区内沉积物主要是陆源,由高空气流携带而来,南极底流和热液活动对其物源的来源有一定影响。沉积物地球化学特征也表明,物源以陆源为主,稀土元素分布曲线和北太平洋表层海水稀土曲线类似,且表现出强的Ce亏损,表明生物活动导致的生物沉降对表层沉积物也有一定的影响。

Abstract

12 surface sediment samples from the western region of CC Zone of the East Pacific Ocean were taken as the research material, and the particle size, chemical composition and mineral composition were analyzed to discuss its sedimentary environment and material source. The study area is located in the deep ocean, and the sediment is mainly composed of the abyssal clay and silicon calcareous clay. It contains a small amount of siliceous clay, clayey siliceous ooze and clayey calcareous ooze. Clay mineral composition is mainly smectite and illite, containing part of the kaolinite and chlorite. Clay minerals indicate that the sediments in the area are mainly terrigenous,which are carried by high airflow. The Antarctic Bottom Water and hydrothermal activity have a certain influence on the source of the provenance. The geochemical characteristics of sediments also indicate that the sediments are mainly derived from terrestrial sources. The distribution curve of the REE is similar to that in the surface water of the North Pacific Ocean, and it shows strong Ce losses, indicating that the bio-deposition caused by biological activities also has a certain impact on the surface sediments.

导出引用

付锋, 郑洋, 姚旭莹, 倪建宇. 东太平洋CC区西区表层沉积物黏土矿物和地球化学特征[J]. 海洋学研究. 2017, 35(1): 55-65 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2017.01.007

FU Feng, ZHENG Yang, YAO Xu-ying, NI Jian-yu. Clay mineral and geochemical analysis of surface sediments in the western region of CC Zone in the East Pacific Ocean[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences. 2017, 35(1): 55-65 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2017.01.007

中图分类号： P736.3

参考文献

[1] SHI Xue-fa, WANG Zong-liang. Study on genetic mineralogy of clay sediments in the western Philippines sea[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,1995,15(2):61-72.
石学法,王宗良.西菲律宾海西部海域黏土沉积物的成因矿物学研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1995,15(2):61-72.
[2] ZHANG Hai-ping, SHI Xue-fa, CHEN Jing, et al. Mineralogical characteristics and its significance of smectite in the surface sediments of the East Pacific[J]. Science Bulletin,2001(S1):100-104.
张海平,石学法,陈晶,等.东太平洋表层沉积物蒙皂石的矿物学特征及其指示意义[J].科学通报,2001(S1):100-104.
[3] LIU Ji-hua, SHI Xue-fa, CHEN Li-rong, et al. REEs and εNd of clay fractions in the sediments of the eastern Pacific Ocean: evidence from clay sources[J]. Science in China Ser. D: Earth Sciences,2004,34(6):552-561.
刘季花,石学法,陈丽蓉,等.东太平洋沉积物中黏土组分的REEs和εNd:黏土来源的证据[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2004,34(6):552-561.
[4] HE Liang-biao, ZHAO Quan-ji, ZHANG De-yu, et al. Pyroclastic and clay minerals in the sediments of the Western Central Pacific Ocean[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica,1982,4(4):450-461.
何良彪,赵全基,张德玉,等.中太平洋西部深海沉积物中的火山碎屑与黏土矿物[J].海洋学报:中文版,1982,4(4):450-461.
[5] PIPER D Z. Rare earth elements in ferromanganese nodules and other marine phases[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1974,38(7):1 007-1 022.
[6] LIU Ji-hua. REE geochemistry of sediments in the eastern Pacific Ocean[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,1992,12(2):33-42.
刘季花.太平洋东部深海沉积物稀土元素地球化学[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1992,12(2):33-42.
[7] LI Guo-sheng. Geological characteristics and forming environment of polymetallic nodules in the eastern Pacific CC area[J]. Geology and Resources,2008,17(4):286-291.
李国胜.东太平洋CC区多金属结核的地质学特征及形成环境[J].地质与资源,2008,17(4):286-291.
[8] ZHANG Fu-yuan. Principle of ocean polymetallic nodule resource evaluation and mining area delineation method[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press,2001.
张富元.大洋多金属结核资源评价原理和矿区圈定方法[M].北京:海洋出版社,2001.
[9] MENG Xian-wei, WU Shi-ying, WANG Xiang-qin, et al. The relationship between the temporal and spatial distribution of terrigenous materials and the atmospheric circulation in Pacific CC area[J]. Marine Science,1998,22(1):37-40.
孟宪伟,吴世迎,王湘芹.太平洋CC区沉积物陆源物质时空分布与大气环流的关系[J].海洋科学,1998,22(1):37-40.
[10] LÜ Hua-hua. Study on the typomorphic characteristics and application of clay sediments in the equatorial North Pacific[D]. Qingdao: Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences,2005:38.
吕华华.赤道北太平洋黏土沉积物的标型特征及其应用研究[D].青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所,2005:38.
[11] GB/T 12763—2007 Specifications for oceanographic survey[S]. 2007.
GB/T 12763—2007海洋调查规范[S].2007.
[12] FOLK R L. A review of grain-size parameters[J]. Sedimentology,1966,6(2):73-93.
[13] ZHANG Fu-yuan, LI An-chun, LIN Zhen-hong, et al. Deep sea sediment classification and nomenclature[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2006,37(6):517-523.
张富元,李安春,林振宏,等.深海沉积物分类与命名[J].海洋与湖沼,2006,37(6):517-523.
[14] ZHANG Fu-yuan, ZHANG Wei-yan, ZHANG Xiao-yu, et al. Key techniques and schemes for classification and nomenclature of deep-sea sediments[J]. Earth Science: Journal of China University of Geosciences,2012,37(1):93-104.
张富元,章伟艳,张霄宇,等.深海沉积物分类与命名的关键技术和方案[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2012,37(1):93-104.
[15] ZHANG Fu-yuan, FENG Xiu-li, ZHANG Wei-yan, et al. Particle method and laser method analysis result comparison and calibration of settlement surface sediment in the South China Sea[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(4):767-775.
张富元,冯秀丽,章伟艳,等.南海表层沉积物的沉降法和激光法粒度分析结果对比和校正[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):767-775.
[16] LÜ Hua-hua, SHI Xue-fa, YANG Gang. The formation and distribution of ooze, pelagic clay and its controlling factors[J]. Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2007,27(z1):348-350.
吕华华,石学法,杨刚.深海黏土和软泥的形成、分布及其控制因素[J].矿物学报,2007,27(z1):348-350.
[17] MOORE D M, REYNOLDS R C. X-ray diffraction and the identification and analysis of clay minerals[M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press,1989.
[18] BISCAYE P E. Mineralogy and sedimentation of recent deep-sea clay in the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas and oceans[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin,1965,76(7):803-832.
[19] XIONG Zhi-fang, LI Tie-gang, ZHAI bin, et al. Characteristics and formation mechanism of Ethmodiscus rex diatom clay minerals in the low latitude Western Pacific during the last glacial period[J]. Earth Science: Journal of China University of Geosciences,2010,35(4):551-562.
熊志方,李铁刚,翟滨,等.低纬度西太平洋末次冰期Ethmodiscus rex硅藻席黏土矿物特征及形成机制启示[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2010,35(4):551-562.
[20] BISCHOFF J L, HEATH G R, LEINEN M. Geochemistry of deep-sea sediments from the Pacific manganese nodule province: DOMES Sites A, B, and C[M]//Marine geology and oceanography of the Pacific manganese nodule province. Springer US,1979:397-436.
[21] YANG Rui, LI Guo-sheng, ZHANG Hong-rui. Geochemistry of surface sediments in the central Pacific CC area[J]. Geology and Resources,2007,16(3):200-208.
杨锐,李国胜,张洪瑞.中太平洋CC区表层沉积物的地球化学[J].地质与资源,2007,16(3):200-208.
[22] HUANG Mu, LIU Ji-hua, SHI Xue-fa, et al. East Pacific CC sediments, REE characteristics and source[J]. Advances in Marine Science,2014,32(2):175-187.
黄牧,刘季花,石学法,等.东太平洋CC区沉积物稀土元素特征及物源[J].海洋科学进展,2014,32(2):175-187.
[23] CHI Ye, LI An-chun, JIANG Fu-qing, et al. Analysis of Luzon Island in eastern area of clay mineral assemblage and provenance[J]. Marine Sciences,2009,33(9):80-88.
池野,李安春,蒋富清,等.吕宋岛东部海域黏土矿物组合特征及物源分析[J].海洋科学,2009,33(9):80-88.
[24] YANG Ya-xiu. Clay minerals of China[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,1994.
杨雅秀.中国黏土矿物[M].北京:地质出版社,1994.
[25] SHI Xue-fa. West Philippines sea during the late Quaternary sedimentary processes and sedimentary environment evolution[D]. Qingdao: Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,1992:20-25.
石学法.西菲律宾海晚第四纪沉积作用和沉积环境演化[D].青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所,1992:20-25.
[26] TONG Xiu-yun. Distribution of clay minerals and its environmental significance in Beibu Gulf[D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences (Beijing),2010.
仝秀云.北部湾黏土矿物分布及其环境指示意义[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2010.
[27] GINGELE F X. Holocene climatic optimum in Southwest Africa—evidence from the marine clay mineral record[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,1996,122(1):77-87.
[28] HE Liang-biao. Clay minerals in the China Sea and its adjacent waters[J]. Scientia Sinica Chimica,1989(1):75-83.
何良彪.中国海及其邻近海域的黏土矿物[J].中国科学:B辑,1989(1):75-83.
[29] LIU Zhi-fei, COLIN C, TRENTESAUS A, et al. Records of clay minerals in the late Quaternary monsoon evolution in the southern South China Sea[J]. Science in China Ser. D: Earth Science,2004,34(3):272-279.
刘志飞,COLIN C, TRENTESAUS A,等.南海南部晚第四纪东亚季风演化的黏土矿物记录[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2004,34(3):272-279.
[30] CHAMLEY H. Clay sedimentology[M]. Springer Science & Business Media,2013.
[31] SHI Xue-fa, ZHANG Hai-ping, XIN Chun-ying, et al. The discovery of anatase and barite minerals in the surface sediments of the eastern Pacific Ocean[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2001,23(4):131-134.
石学法,张海平,辛春英,等.东太平洋表层沉积物中锐钛矿、晶石矿物的发现及其指示意义[J].海洋学报,2001,23(4):131-134.
[32] WINDOM H L. Lithogenous material in marine sediments[J]. Chemical Oceanography,1976,5(2):103-135.
[33] GRIFFIN J J, WINDOM H, GOLDBERG E D. The distribution of clay minerals in the world ocean[C]//Deep sea research and oceanographic abstracts. Elsevier,1968,15(4):433-459.
[34] JIN Xiang-long. East Pacific polymetallic nodule ore belt of marine geology and deposit characteristics[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press,1997.
金翔龙.东太平洋多金属结核矿带海洋地质与矿床特征[M].北京:海洋出版社,1997.