海洋学研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 1-12.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.01.001
• 研究论文 • 下一篇
揭天愚1,2(), 周建平1,2,3,*(
), 陶春辉1,2, 王汉闯1,2, 李倩宇1,2,4, 吴涛1,2, 刘隆5
收稿日期:
2022-11-27
修回日期:
2023-05-18
出版日期:
2024-03-15
发布日期:
2024-05-11
通讯作者:
* 周建平(1974—),男,研究员,主要从事海洋地球物理方面的研究,E-mail:zhoujp@sio.org.cn。
作者简介:
揭天愚(1997—),男,浙江省衢州市人,主要从事海洋岩石声学物性方面的研究,E-mail:nathan_jie@163.com。
基金资助:
JIE Tianyu1,2(), ZHOU Jianping1,2,3,*(
), TAO Chunhui1,2, WANG Hanchuang1,2, LI Qianyu1,2,4, WU Tao1,2, LIU Long5
Received:
2022-11-27
Revised:
2023-05-18
Online:
2024-03-15
Published:
2024-05-11
摘要:
西南印度洋中脊(Southwest Indian Ridge, SWIR)热液区具有潜在发育的大规模硫化物矿床,当前正在开展SWIR硫化物矿产资源评价。测量分析硫化物和不同围岩的声速等物性特征是硫化物近底地震勘探资料处理和解释的基础。该文对西南印度洋中脊热液区的硫化物和围岩等样品进行了系统的物性测量,结合岩石物性(包括密度、孔隙度、P波速度)与矿物组成,深入分析了西南印度洋中脊热液区岩石声速变化特性及其影响因素。结果表明,SWIR热液区围岩的P波速度受到岩石骨架矿物、孔隙和围压的影响。由于岩石孔隙度总体偏小,对P波速度的影响并不显著,但围压的增加使岩石微裂缝和孔隙逐渐闭合,P波速度呈非线性指数变化。蚀变作用导致了矿物成分改变,是影响围岩声速的最关键因素。单一物性参数测量结果可能存在多解性,联合波速、密度、磁性和电性等多物性参数测量有利于岩性区分。该研究成果有助于识别硫化物和围岩,为我国西南印度洋合同区多金属硫化物地震勘探工作提供重要支撑。
中图分类号:
揭天愚, 周建平, 陶春辉, 王汉闯, 李倩宇, 吴涛, 刘隆. 西南印度洋中脊热液区岩石声学特性[J]. 海洋学研究, 2024, 42(1): 1-12.
JIE Tianyu, ZHOU Jianping, TAO Chunhui, WANG Hanchuang, LI Qianyu, WU Tao, LIU Long. Acoustic characteristics of rocks from the SWIR hydrothermal fields[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2024, 42(1): 1-12.
序号 | 样品类型 | 石英 | 斜长石 | 方解石 | 黄铁矿 | 蛇纹石 | 辉石 | 角闪石 | 磁铁矿 | 橄榄石 | 黏土矿物总量 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | 新鲜玄武岩 | 0 | 73.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9.4 |
B2 | 新鲜玄武岩 | 0 | 84.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10.1 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 3.7 |
B3 | 新鲜玄武岩 | 0 | 80.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.6 | 0 | 0 | 3.7 | 3.0 |
B4 | 新鲜玄武岩 | 0 | 68.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20.1 | 0 | 0 | 11.3 | 0 |
B5 | 新鲜玄武岩 | 1.6 | 75.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19.0 | 0 | 0 | 3.8 | 0 |
AB1 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 8.7 | 16.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 4.6 | 0 | 0 | 68.1 |
AB2 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 48.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51.6 |
AB3 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 71.1 | 1.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26.2 |
AB4 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 31.6 | 13.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53.7 |
AB5 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 6.9 | 19.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 0 | 0 | 67.4 |
AB6 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 48.2 | 15.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 31.8 |
AB7 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 1.7 | 24.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.3 | 4.4 | 0 | 0 | 65.3 |
SR1 | 蛇纹岩 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 61.8 | 11.4 | 0 | 26.8 | 0 | 0 |
SR2 | 蛇纹岩 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 75.6 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 15.4 | 0 | 0 |
SR3 | 蛇纹岩 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 82.4 | 0 | 0 | 17.6 | 0 | 0 |
SR4 | 蛇纹岩 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45.9 | 0 | 0 | 24.8 | 0 | 29.3 |
D1 | 辉绿岩 | 1.5 | 69.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.9 | 12.6 | 3.9 | 0 | 5.8 |
G1 | 辉长岩 | 1.2 | 66.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.1 | 19.7 | 3.2 | 0 | 2.5 |
G2 | 辉长岩 | 0.7 | 64.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 2.7 | 0 | 2.5 |
S1 | 硫化物 | 0 | 0 | 39.3 | 60.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
S2 | 硫化物 | 0 | 0 | 1.9 | 18.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
S3 | 硫化物 | 0 | 0 | 5.1 | 94.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
S4 | 硫化物 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 85.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
S5 | 硫化物 | 0.7 | 0 | 22.5 | 61.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
表1 Mineral mass fractions of selected rock samples in the study area单位:%
Tab.1
序号 | 样品类型 | 石英 | 斜长石 | 方解石 | 黄铁矿 | 蛇纹石 | 辉石 | 角闪石 | 磁铁矿 | 橄榄石 | 黏土矿物总量 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | 新鲜玄武岩 | 0 | 73.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9.4 |
B2 | 新鲜玄武岩 | 0 | 84.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10.1 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 3.7 |
B3 | 新鲜玄武岩 | 0 | 80.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.6 | 0 | 0 | 3.7 | 3.0 |
B4 | 新鲜玄武岩 | 0 | 68.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20.1 | 0 | 0 | 11.3 | 0 |
B5 | 新鲜玄武岩 | 1.6 | 75.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19.0 | 0 | 0 | 3.8 | 0 |
AB1 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 8.7 | 16.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 4.6 | 0 | 0 | 68.1 |
AB2 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 48.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51.6 |
AB3 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 71.1 | 1.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26.2 |
AB4 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 31.6 | 13.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53.7 |
AB5 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 6.9 | 19.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 0 | 0 | 67.4 |
AB6 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 48.2 | 15.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 31.8 |
AB7 | 蚀变玄武岩 | 1.7 | 24.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.3 | 4.4 | 0 | 0 | 65.3 |
SR1 | 蛇纹岩 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 61.8 | 11.4 | 0 | 26.8 | 0 | 0 |
SR2 | 蛇纹岩 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 75.6 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 15.4 | 0 | 0 |
SR3 | 蛇纹岩 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 82.4 | 0 | 0 | 17.6 | 0 | 0 |
SR4 | 蛇纹岩 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45.9 | 0 | 0 | 24.8 | 0 | 29.3 |
D1 | 辉绿岩 | 1.5 | 69.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.9 | 12.6 | 3.9 | 0 | 5.8 |
G1 | 辉长岩 | 1.2 | 66.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.1 | 19.7 | 3.2 | 0 | 2.5 |
G2 | 辉长岩 | 0.7 | 64.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 2.7 | 0 | 2.5 |
S1 | 硫化物 | 0 | 0 | 39.3 | 60.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
S2 | 硫化物 | 0 | 0 | 1.9 | 18.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
S3 | 硫化物 | 0 | 0 | 5.1 | 94.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
S4 | 硫化物 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 85.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
S5 | 硫化物 | 0.7 | 0 | 22.5 | 61.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
岩石类型 | 样品数量 | 数据统计 | 饱水密度/(g·cm-3) | 孔隙度/% | P波速度/ (m·s-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
常压 | 5 MPa | 10 MPa | 20 MPa | 30 MPa | |||||
新鲜玄武岩 | 74 | 平均值 | 2.85 | 0.60 | 5 826 | 5 914 | 5 932 | 5 991 | 6 045 |
最大值 | 2.93 | 3.69 | 6 552 | 6 589 | 6 626 | 6 651 | 6 762 | ||
最小值 | 2.68 | 0 | 4 911 | 5 058 | 5 136 | 5 249 | 5 343 | ||
标准差 | 0.05 | 0.87 | 360 | 329 | 347 | 337 | 328 | ||
蚀变玄武岩 | 19 | 平均值 | 2.69 | 1.37 | 4 929 | 5 166 | 5 054 | 5 114 | 5 162 |
最大值 | 2.96 | 2.76 | 6 754 | 6 828 | 6 929 | 7 033 | 7 086 | ||
最小值 | 2.51 | 0 | 3 968 | 4 044 | 4 097 | 4 150 | 4 178 | ||
标准差 | 0.12 | 0.69 | 841 | 915 | 831 | 835 | 829 | ||
蛇纹岩 | 4 | 平均值 | 2.58 | 0.13 | 4 945 | 5 007 | 5 068 | 5 105 | 5 134 |
最大值 | 2.63 | 0.30 | 5 289 | 5 324 | 5 383 | 5 431 | 5 467 | ||
最小值 | 2.54 | 0 | 4 529 | 4 632 | 4 712 | 4 914 | 4 785 | ||
标准差 | 0.04 | 0.14 | 362 | 337 | 326 | 326 | 326 | ||
辉长岩 | 3 | 平均值 | 2.91 | 0.28 | 5 812 | 5 988 | 5 990 | 6 076 | 6 195 |
最大值 | 2.97 | 0.84 | 6 363 | 6 568 | 6 732 | 6 816 | 6 962 | ||
最小值 | 2.81 | 0 | 5 376 | 5 407 | 5 471 | 5 537 | 5 638 | ||
标准差 | 0.09 | 0.49 | 503 | 821 | 659 | 663 | 687 | ||
硫化物(块状硫化 物和硫化物烟囱) | 5 | 平均值 | 2.93 | 20.02 | 3 935 | ||||
最大值 | 3.23 | 28.72 | |||||||
最小值 | 1.80 | 9.65 | |||||||
标准差 | 0.56 | 6.57 |
表2 研究区岩石样品物性参数
Tab.2 Physical properties of rock samples in the study area
岩石类型 | 样品数量 | 数据统计 | 饱水密度/(g·cm-3) | 孔隙度/% | P波速度/ (m·s-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
常压 | 5 MPa | 10 MPa | 20 MPa | 30 MPa | |||||
新鲜玄武岩 | 74 | 平均值 | 2.85 | 0.60 | 5 826 | 5 914 | 5 932 | 5 991 | 6 045 |
最大值 | 2.93 | 3.69 | 6 552 | 6 589 | 6 626 | 6 651 | 6 762 | ||
最小值 | 2.68 | 0 | 4 911 | 5 058 | 5 136 | 5 249 | 5 343 | ||
标准差 | 0.05 | 0.87 | 360 | 329 | 347 | 337 | 328 | ||
蚀变玄武岩 | 19 | 平均值 | 2.69 | 1.37 | 4 929 | 5 166 | 5 054 | 5 114 | 5 162 |
最大值 | 2.96 | 2.76 | 6 754 | 6 828 | 6 929 | 7 033 | 7 086 | ||
最小值 | 2.51 | 0 | 3 968 | 4 044 | 4 097 | 4 150 | 4 178 | ||
标准差 | 0.12 | 0.69 | 841 | 915 | 831 | 835 | 829 | ||
蛇纹岩 | 4 | 平均值 | 2.58 | 0.13 | 4 945 | 5 007 | 5 068 | 5 105 | 5 134 |
最大值 | 2.63 | 0.30 | 5 289 | 5 324 | 5 383 | 5 431 | 5 467 | ||
最小值 | 2.54 | 0 | 4 529 | 4 632 | 4 712 | 4 914 | 4 785 | ||
标准差 | 0.04 | 0.14 | 362 | 337 | 326 | 326 | 326 | ||
辉长岩 | 3 | 平均值 | 2.91 | 0.28 | 5 812 | 5 988 | 5 990 | 6 076 | 6 195 |
最大值 | 2.97 | 0.84 | 6 363 | 6 568 | 6 732 | 6 816 | 6 962 | ||
最小值 | 2.81 | 0 | 5 376 | 5 407 | 5 471 | 5 537 | 5 638 | ||
标准差 | 0.09 | 0.49 | 503 | 821 | 659 | 663 | 687 | ||
硫化物(块状硫化 物和硫化物烟囱) | 5 | 平均值 | 2.93 | 20.02 | 3 935 | ||||
最大值 | 3.23 | 28.72 | |||||||
最小值 | 1.80 | 9.65 | |||||||
标准差 | 0.56 | 6.57 |
图9 玄武岩P波速度与饱水密度的相关性 (SWIR数据为本文测试结果;U1301数据来自文献[29];504B数据来自文献[30];ODP Site 864数据来自文献[25]。)
Fig.9 Correlation between P-wave velocity and saturated density of basalts (The data of SWIR is the test result of this article; the data of U1301 are from reference [29]; the data of 504B are from reference [30]; the data of ODP Site 864 are from reference [25].)
图10 不同区域的块状硫化物饱水密度(a)和孔隙度(b)与P波速度的相关性 (SWIR研究区部分数据来自文献[11];TAG研究区数据来自文献[28];EPR和OT研究区数据来自文献[26];研究者Spagnoli的全球数据来自文献[21]。)
Fig.10 Correlation between saturated density (a) and porosity (b) with P-wave velocity of massive sulfides in different study areas (Partial data of SWIR study area are from reference [11]; the data of TAG study area are from reference [28]; the data of EPR and OT study area are from reference [26]; the global data of researcher Spagnoli are from reference [21].)
数据统计 | 方程(3) | 方程(2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R2 | R2 | a | b | c | ||
平均值 | 0.935 | 0.991 | 6 053 | 317 | 0.05 | |
最大值 | 0.990 | 0.998 | 7 189 | 1 037 | 0.13 | |
最小值 | 0.822 | 0.991 | 4 781 | 111 | 0.01 | |
标准差 | 0.047 | 0.003 | 491 | 175 | 0.03 |
表3 方程(2)和(3)的相关系数R2以及方程(2)的回归系数a,b,c
Tab.3 The correlation coefficient R2 of equation (2) and (3) and the regression coefficient a, b, c of equation (2)
数据统计 | 方程(3) | 方程(2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R2 | R2 | a | b | c | ||
平均值 | 0.935 | 0.991 | 6 053 | 317 | 0.05 | |
最大值 | 0.990 | 0.998 | 7 189 | 1 037 | 0.13 | |
最小值 | 0.822 | 0.991 | 4 781 | 111 | 0.01 | |
标准差 | 0.047 | 0.003 | 491 | 175 | 0.03 |
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