河流-河口-近海连续体有机碳时空分布特征：以瓯江为例

申思远; 陆莎莎; 李中乔; 郑军; 王道岭

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2026.02.011

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海洋学研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2) : 103-112. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2026.02.011

研究报道

河流-河口-近海连续体有机碳时空分布特征：以瓯江为例

申思远 ¹ ,
陆莎莎 ¹^,²^,^* ,
李中乔 ¹^,³ ,
郑军 ⁴^,⁶ ,
王道岭 ⁵

作者信息 +

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of organic carbon in the river-estuary-coastal sea continuum： A case study of the Oujiang River

SHEN Siyuan ¹ ,
LU Shasha ¹^,²^,^* ,
LI Zhongqiao ¹^,³ ,
ZHENG Jun ⁴^,⁶ ,
WANG Daoling ⁵

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

有机碳是河流-河口-近海连续体（以下简称连续体）碳循环的关键变量之一，厘清其时空分布特征及影响因素是开展碳循环研究的重要基础。本研究基于2023年2月（枯水季）和2023年7月（丰水季）的观测数据，分析了瓯江陆海连续体中颗粒有机碳（POC）和溶解有机碳（DOC）的含量、空间分布及季节变化特征。结果表明，无论是POC还是DOC，其在丰水季的质量浓度普遍高于枯水季。具体来看，枯水季POC质量浓度范围为0.43~20.56 mg/L，平均值为3.91 mg/L；丰水季POC质量浓度范围为0.15~32.78 mg/L，平均值为7.89 mg/L；枯水季DOC质量浓度范围为0.82~2.17 mg/L，平均值为1.37 mg/L；丰水季DOC质量浓度范围为1.35~3.80 mg/L，平均值为2.16 mg/L。从空间分布来看，POC质量浓度在河口段较高，在河流段和近海段较低；而DOC质量浓度则在河流段和河口段较高，在近海段相对较低。特别地，河口段的POC和DOC质量浓度均表现出对盐度的非保守性行为。综合分析盐度、总悬浮物质量浓度、最大浑浊带及其他环境因子，认为丰水季较高的降水量和径流量增强了流域的径流冲刷与侧向淋溶作用，是导致有机碳含量在丰水季高于枯水季的主要原因；而最大浑浊带的发育以及人类活动产生的有机质排放，则是有机碳在河口段富集的关键因素。

Abstract

Organic carbon is one of the key variables in the carbon cycle of the river-estuary-coastal continuum （hereinafter referred to as the “continuum”）. Clarifying its spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors is an important foundation for conducting carbon cycle research. Based on observational data in February 2023 （dry season） and July 2023 （wet season）， this study analyzed the mass concentrations， spatial distribution， and seasonal variation characteristics of particulate organic carbon （POC） and dissolved organic carbon （DOC） in the continuum of the Oujiang River. The results showed that both POC and DOC generally exhibited higher mass concentrations in the wet season than those in the dry season. Specifically， the range of POC mass concentration in the dry season was 0.43-20.56 mg/L， with an average of 3.91 mg/L； in the wet season， the range was 0.15-32.78 mg/L， with an average of 7.89 mg/L. For DOC， the range in the dry season was 0.82-2.17 mg/L， averaging 1.37 mg/L， while in the wet season， it ranged from 1.35 to 3.80 mg/L， with an average of 2.16 mg/L. Spatially， POC mass concentration was higher in the estuarine section but lower in the riverine and coastal sections， whereas DOC mass concentration was relatively higher in the riverine and estuarine sections and lower in the coastal section. Notably， both POC and DOC mass concentrations in the estuarine section displayed non-conservative behavior with respect to salinity. Through comprehensive analysis of factors such as salinity， total suspended matter （TSM） mass concentration， the maximum turbidity zone， and other environmental variables， it is concluded that the increased precipitation and runoff during the wet season enhanced fluvial erosion and lateral leaching， which were the main reasons for the higher organic carbon content in the wet season compared to the dry season. Meanwhile， the development of the maximum turbidity zone and the input of organic matter from human activities were key factors contributing to the enrichment of organic carbon in the estuarine section.

导出引用

申思远, 陆莎莎, 李中乔, 等. 河流-河口-近海连续体有机碳时空分布特征：以瓯江为例[J]. 海洋学研究. 2026, 44(2): 103-112 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2026.02.011

SHEN Siyuan, LU Shasha, LI Zhongqiao, et al. Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of organic carbon in the river-estuary-coastal sea continuum： A case study of the Oujiang River[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences. 2026, 44(2): 103-112 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2026.02.011

中图分类号： P734

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摘要

河流是连接海洋和陆地两大碳库的纽带,其碳通量是全球碳循环的重要环节。本文以《中国河流泥沙公报》的数据为基础,就中国河流入海颗粒态碳通量及其变化特征进行分析。结果表明：1965-2005 年,中国河流入海颗粒态碳通量平均为29.57 TgC·yr-1,占河流入海碳通量的42%,其中有机碳占36.02%,无机碳占63.98%,长江、黄河和珠江的颗粒态碳通量占全国河流入海颗粒态碳通量的96.25%。从2003 年开始,河流入海颗粒态碳通量呈逐年递减的趋势,但颗粒态有机碳通量在河流入海颗粒态碳通量中所占的比重有所提高。2009 年,全国通过河流泥沙输送到海洋中的碳仅为6.59 TgC,为1965-2005 年平均输碳量的22.3%。由此可见,颗粒态碳通量在河流碳通量中占有不可忽视的地位,为了准确评估中国河流及陆地生态系统的碳收支,应对颗粒态碳通量进行细致研究。

ZHU

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https://doi.org/10.11820/dlkxjz.2012.01.015

本文引用 [1] 摘要

The river is the linkage of terrestrial and ocean carbon pools, the flux of which is a critical component of global carbon cycle. In this paper, The authors analyze the characteristics of the fluxes of particulate carbon from rivers to the ocean (FPC) in China and predicted their tendency based on the data obtained from Bulletin of Chinese River Sediment. The results indicate that, from 1965 to 2005, the annual mean FPC is 29.57TgC yr-1, 36.02% of which is organic carbon, and the rest is inorganic carbon. FPC accounts for 42% of the river carbon fluxes. The quantity of particulate carbon flux from the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Pearl River accounts for 96.25% of the total amount in China. There is a decreasing tendency of FPC since 2003, while the ratio of organic part to the total shows an increasing tendency. The FPC of 2009 is only 6.59TgC穣r-1, which is only 22.3% of the annual mean FPC from 1965 to 2005. Therefore, it is necessary to lay emphasis on the fluxes of particulate carbon in terms of its significant role in river carbon fluxes and terrestrial carbon budget.

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https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2023.02.005

摘要

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W Y

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S S

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X M

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https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2023.02.005

本文引用 [2] 摘要

Oujiang River is a typical mountain river whose water and sediment fluxes are characterized by a great disparity between flood and dry seasons. Based on the measured data of water discharge and sediment load at the mainstream control hydrological station of Oujiang River in the past 71 years (1950—2020) and 43 years (1956—1998), respectively, the coefficient of nonuniformity, Mann-Kendall non-parametric statistical test and double mass curve were used to analyze the variations of runoff and sediment load during the flood seasons (including plum rain season from April to June and typhoon season from July to September) and dry seasons (non-flooding season from October to March in next year) in the Oujiang River. The results showed that: (1) The peak and valley month of runoff were the same as sediment load. The peak month of both runoff and sediment load appeared in June, while their valley month appeared in December. The plum rain season was the most important period of water and sediment transporting to sea from Oujiang River. (2) The runoff showed significant decreasing trend in the plum rain season, significant increasing trend in non-flooding season, and non-significant trend in typhoon season during 1950—2020 in Oujiang River. The nonuniformity of intra-annual distribution for runoff had become more uniform obviously, resulting from the regulation of reservoirs. (3) The sediment load showed significant decreasing trend in the plum rain season due to the interception of reservoirs, and no significant trend in typhoon season and non-flooding season during 1956—1998 in Oujiang River. The nonuniformity of intra-annual distribution for sediment load showed little change, which might relate to the nonuniformity of intra-annual distribution for precipitation. (4) The relationship between sediment load and runoff during typhoon and non-flooding season changed in 1975 and 1959, respectively, both of which were related to the heavy rainfall within the river basins.

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https://doi.org/10.11978/2015109

摘要

调查了珠江口不同季节颗粒有机碳(particulate organic carbon, POC)和溶解有机碳(dissolved organic carbon, DOC)含量的分布特征, 结合碳氮比值(C/N)、叶绿素a(Chl a)含量、溶解氧(dissolved oxygen, DO)含量等水化学参数, 探讨了珠江口POC、DOC来源、输送方式及混合行为的季节变化。结果表明, 珠江口水体POC可能主要受到水体自生浮游植物有机碳输入的影响, DOC可能主要来自于河流输送的陆源有机碳。在降雨量较大的5月份, POC来自自生浮游植物有机碳的贡献相对减小。降雨量同样较大的8月份DOC来自河流输送的陆源有机碳的贡献增加。不同季节珠江口水体总有机碳中的DOC一直高于POC。珠江口POC、DOC含量受到淡水与海水混合进程的影响, 淡水与海水的混合效应可能是从出虎门进入伶仃洋的低盐度区(盐度1‰~5‰的水体)开始延伸至外海。微生物的降解作用可能对POC和DOC在出虎门之前的下降趋势产生了重要影响, 而微生物对新鲜的浮游植物有机碳的利用、以及浮游植物生产量的降低和颗粒物絮凝沉降作用则可能是POC在出虎门后下降幅度大于DOC的重要原因。

GUO

, YE

, LIAN

Z L

, et al. Seasonal changes of organic carbon in the Pearl River estuary[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2016, 35(4): 40-50.

https://doi.org/10.11978/2015109

本文引用 [1] 摘要

Seasonal distributions of particulate organic carbon (POC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations, as well as their sources, transports and mixing behaviors, in the Pearl River estuary (PRE) are reported in this paper. Samples were collected in November 2013, and in February, May and August 2014. The results suggest that the sources of POC were mainly in situ aquatic phytoplankton, and the source of DOC was mainly input from terrigenous organic carbon. However, aquatic phytoplankton might have contributed less to POC in May than in other months due to intensified erosion by high rainfall during May, and terrigenous organic carbon contribution to DOC increased in August. DOC was always the main portion, i.e., higher than POC, in the total organic carbon. The conservative mixing process of riverine and marine organic carbon occurred from the low salinity zone (salinity of 1‰~5‰) near the Humen Outlet to the open sea area out of the PRE. Biological degradation may have played an important role in reducing POC and DOC concentrations in the upper reach of the Humen Outlet. Preferential consumption of fresh phytoplankton organic carbon, reduction of phytoplankton production, and flocculation and sinking of particulate matter might have collectively resulted in the much more reduction of POC than DOC in the upper reach.

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BAO

X H

, BI

, PENG

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https://doi.org/10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.02.0123

摘要

溶解有机碳(DOC)是海洋中最大的有机碳库，其中化学性质不稳定的成分大部分来自海洋浮游植物的释放。简要回顾了浮游植物溶解有机碳释放研究的发展历史，从光合作用合成的溶解有机碳(PDOC)释放占初级生产力的比重，PDOC的化学组成，浮游植物DOC释放的途径与机制，PDOC释放的环境调控，浮游植物群落组成对PDOC释放的影响，以及浮游植物释放DOC对异养细菌的生态意义等方面对相关研究进行了综述和分析。讨论了浮游植物溶解有机碳释放研究的现状和存在的问题，并对PDOC初级生产力测定的推广和相关研究的深化提出建议。

LIU

C G

, NING

X R

, HAO

, et al. Advances in the study of photosynthetically produced dissolved organic carbon released of marine phytoplankton[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2010, 25(2): 123-132.

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