海洋学研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 5-13.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

西太平洋暖池区域热通量变化及其与南海夏季风爆发的关系

左涛1,2,3, 陈锦年1,2,4*, 王实娜1,2   

  1. 1.中国科学院海洋研究所.山东青岛 266071;
    2.中国科学院海洋环流与波动重点开放实验室,山东青岛 266071;
    3.中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049;
    4.中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广东广州 510080
  • 收稿日期:2011-05-11 修回日期:2011-11-17 出版日期:2012-06-15 发布日期:2023-04-24
  • 通讯作者: * 陈锦年,研究员,E-mail: Jnchen@qdio.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:左涛(1986-),女,山东临沂市人,硕士研究生,主要从事大尺度海-气相互作用及其气候变化研究。E-mail:auotao.1986@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(41076010);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-Q11-02)

Variation of air-sea heat fluxes over the western Pwarm pool area and its relations with the onset of the South China Sea summer monsoon

ZUO Taol,2,3, CHEN Jin-nian1,2,4*, WANG Hong-nal,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Oeanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071,China;
    2. Key Laboratoryof Ocean Circulation and Waves, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;
    3.Graduate University of the Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049, China;
    4. Institute of Tropical andOceanic Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration,Guangzhou 510080,China
  • Received:2011-05-11 Revised:2011-11-17 Online:2012-06-15 Published:2023-04-24

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摘要： 利用卫星遥感资料反演出的海洋大气参数,应用目前世界较为先进的通量算法(CORAER 3.0),计算了西太平洋区域海-气热通量(感热通量和潜热通量)。首先分析了海-气热通量的多年平均场和气候场变化的基本特征,以及年际和年代际变化特征;进而对其与南海夏季风爆发之间的关系进行了初步探讨。结果表明,西太平洋海-气热通量具有明显的时空分布特征,感热通量的最大值出现在黑潮区域,潜热通量的最大值出现在北赤道流区和黑潮区域。在气候平均场中,黑潮区域的感热通量和潜热通量最大值均出现在冬季,最小值出现在夏季;暖池区域感热通量除了春季较小外,冬、夏和秋季基本相同,而潜热通量最大值出现在秋、冬季,最小值出现在春、夏季。另外,海-气热通宣还具有应者的年际变化和年代际变化,感热通量和潜热通量均存在16a周期,与南海夏季风爆发存在相同的周期。由相关分析可知,4月份暖池区域的海-气热通量与滞后3a的南海夏季风爆发之间存在密切相关关系,这种时滞相关性,可以用于进行南海夏季风爆发的预测,为我国汛期降水预报提供科学依据。基于以上结论,建立多元回归方程对2012年的南海夏季风爆发进行了预测,预测2012年南海夏季风爆发将偏晚l～2候左右。

关键词: 西太平洋暖池区域, 海-气热通量, 南海夏季风爆发, 预测

Abstract: Based on the oceanic and atmospheric parameters retrieved from the satellite remote-sensing datawith the neural network method,the air-sea heat fluxes over the western Pacific warm poo area were calculated with the advanced method of CORARE 3.0 bulk algorithm. The variation of multiyear averagedfield and climate field as well as the interannual and interdecadal variation of the air-sea heat fluxes wereanalyzed first,and their relations with the onset of the SCS summer monsoon were discussed primarily. Theresults indicate that the air-sea heat fluxes have obvious characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution.The maximum sensible heat flux occurs in the Kuroshio area,while that of the latent heat flux in the NorthEquator Current and the Kuroshio areas. And the distribution of the averaged annual air-sea heat fluxesshows that both the sensible heat flux and latent heat flux in Kuroshio area have maximum value in winter andminimum value in summer, while the latent heat flux in western Pacific warm pool area has maximum value inautumn and winter,minimum value in spring and summer, and the sensible heat flux has the minimum inspring and basically the same values in other seasons.Furthermore,the air-sea heat fluxes have obviousinterannual and interdecadal variations. Both the sensible heat flux and latent heat flux have l6 a period,which is the same as the SCS summer monsoon onset. The correlation analysis shows that there is a closecorrelation between the air-sea heat fluxes in April in the warm pool area and the onset of SCS summermonsoon three years later.And the lag-correlation could be used to predict the onset of SCS summer monsoonand provide scientific basis for the estimation of precipitation in the flood season.Based on these results,amultivariate regression equation was established to predict the onset of the SCS summer monsoon in 2012,which shows that it will be l~2 pentads later than the normal year.

Key words: the western Pacilfic warm pool area, air-sea heat fluxes, onset of South China Sea summermonsoon, forecast

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