2012年春季渤海湾天津近岸海域网采浮游植物群落结构初探

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 于2012年春季(5月)调查了渤海湾天津近岸海域的网采浮游植物群落,经初步分析发现网采浮游植物共2门17属28种,其中硅藻26种,占种类组成的92.9%;甲藻2种,占种类组成的7.1%。调查海域浮游植物以广温型近岸种为主,主要优势种为柔弱几内亚藻Guinardia delicatula、中华齿状藻Odontella sinensis、布氏双尾藻Ditylum brightwellii和格氏圆筛藻Coscinodiscus granii;调查海域网采浮游植物细胞丰度的分布主要由浮游硅藻的分布所决定,高值区主要分布在塘沽、大港和歧口周围海域;20个站位根据浮游植物的物种及丰度相似性可以划分为5组;浮游植物物种多样性指数在0.43～3.59之间,平均为2.15,多样性指数出现由南、北向中央逐渐缩小的趋势;水温、DO、pH值和无机氮与浮游植物种类组成和细胞丰度分布呈最大等级相关,这4个环境因子是对观察到的群落结构的最好解释。

关键词: 渤海湾, 浮游植物, 群落结构

Abstract: Features of the phytoplankton community were studied based on the data of phytoplankton net samples collected from a grid of 20 stations in the Tianjin nearshore waters of Bohai Bay in spring of 2012. A total of 2 phyla including 17 genera and 28 species of phytoplankton were identified in the present study, in which 92.9% are diatoms and 7.1% are dinoflagellates. The main phytoplankton groups are eurythermal and neritic autochthonous species. The dominant species are Guinardia delicatula, Odontella sinensis, Ditylum brightwellii and Coscinodiscus granii. The horizontal patterns of phytoplankton cell abundance are controlled by that of diatoms. They are high in Tanggu, Dagang and Qikou of the Bohai Bay. The species at 20 stations are grouped into five ecotypes according to the result of cluster analysis. The Shannon-Wiener diversity indexes range from 0.43 to 3.59 with an average of 2.15, with a decreasing trend from the north and south to the middle. The 4 factors of temperature, DO, pH and inorganic nitrogen have the maximum ranking correlation coefficient with phytoplankton species composition and cell abundance distribution, and these 4 environmental factors are the best explanation for the community structure.

Key words: Bohai Bay, phytoplankton, community

中图分类号:

Q948.8

尹翠玲, 张秋丰, 曹春晖, 刘洋, 崔健. 2012年春季渤海湾天津近岸海域网采浮游植物群落结构初探[J]. 海洋学研究, 2013, 31(4): 80-89.

YIN Cui-ling, ZHANG Qiu-feng, CAO Chun-hui, LIU Yang, CUI Jian. Net-phytoplankton community in the Tianjin nearshore waters of Bohai Bay in spring of 2012[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2013, 31(4): 80-89.

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