海岛生态系统脆弱性影响机制与评价理论体系初探——以辽宁省海岛为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2019.04.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 海岛资源的可持续发展研究是海洋开发与管理的重要课题。为优化配置海岛资源,促进海岛开发利用和生态环境保护的协调发展,参考相关研究,以海岛生态系统的特殊性为基点,对海岛生态系统脆弱性的概念、内涵和特征进行综述;以辽宁海岛为侧重点,通过梳理和分析大量海岛典型案例,提出了海岛生态系统脆弱性的成因及表现,建立其影响机制框架,并在此基础上,初步探讨了海岛生态系统脆弱性的评价体系和评价方法,最后提出了研究展望。海岛生态系统脆弱性是在一定的自然因素和人为因素背景下,海岛生态系统响应与自然环境相互作用和人类对海岛的开发利用过程中表现出的敏感反应与自恢复能力,是客观存在的、敏感的、难恢复的,具备长期性、差异性和可调控性特征,在不同类型、不同程度的自然扰动与人为干扰作用下,海岛生态系统脆弱性表现也不同,其驱动机制与评价体系的建立能够为后续深入研究提供思路。本研究结果可为海岛生态环境保护提供科学依据,对促进海岛的可持续发展具有现实意义。

关键词: 海岛, 生态系统脆弱性, 影响机制, 评价体系, 辽宁

Abstract: The sustainable development of island resources is an important issue in marine development and management. In order to optimize the allocation of island resources and promote the coordinated development as well as ecological environment protection of island, in view of the particularity of island ecosystem, and based on the related researches, the concept, connotation and characteristics of island ecosystem vulnerability(IEV) were describes. The islands in Liaoning were paid more emphasis on, and a large number of typical cases of islands were analyzed to establish the impact mechanism framework and analyze the causes and manifestations of IEV. On this basis, the assessment system and methods of IEV were discussed. Finally, the research prospect was put forward. The study shows that the IEV is the sensitive response and self-recovery ability of island ecosystem when the island is interacted with the natural environment and in the process of island development under the background of certain natural factors and human factors. The IEV is objective, sensitive and difficult to recover. It has the characteristics of long-term, difference and controllability. The IEV varies with different types and degrees of natural disturbance and human disturbance, and the establishment of its driving mechanism and evaluation system can provide ideas for further research. The results of the study can provide scientific basis for island ecological environment protection and have important practical significance for promoting sustainable development of the island.

Key words: island, ecosystem vulnerability, impact mechanism, assessment system, Liaoning

中图分类号:

X171

张云, 张笑, 龚艳君, 刘明. 海岛生态系统脆弱性影响机制与评价理论体系初探——以辽宁省海岛为例[J]. 海洋学研究, 2019, 37(4): 68-78.

ZHANG Yun, ZHANG Xiao, GONG Yan-jun, LIU Ming. Preliminary study on impact mechanism and assessment theory system of island ecosystem vulnerability: The cases study of islands in Liaoning Province[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2019, 37(4): 68-78.

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