海岸人工地貌建设是沿海国家开发利用海岸带资源的重要方式,海岸人工岸线的形成改变了自然岸线的格局,并影响着岸线的自然演替规律。基于1990,2000和2010年3期TM遥感影像,提取不同时相的浙江省大陆海岸线信息,对浙江大陆海岸线类型构成及人工岸线建设对岸线格局的影响进行了分析。结果表明:(1)受人类开发活动的影响,近20 a来浙江大陆海岸格局以人工岸线不断增长为特征;(2)不同岸段的人工岸线增长速度有明显差异,以杭州湾、三门湾及台州湾沿岸岸线变化最为显著;(3)20 a间,浙江大陆岸线整体向海推进趋势明显,仅少数岸线发生了海岸蚀退;(4)人工岸线的建设通过对自然岸线的截弯取直,缩短了自然岸线的长度,降低了自然岸线的曲折度,却使浙江省大陆海岸线的多样性指数不断增加。
Abstract
The coastal artificial morphology construction is an important way for coastal countries to exploit the coastal resources. The formation of coastal artificial shoreline changes the pattern of natural shoreline, and influences the succession laws of the natural shoreline. In this study, the mainland coastline in Zhejiang Province in different times was extracted, based on TM remote sensing images in 1990, 2000 and 2010, the structure of mainland coastline and the influence of artificial shoreline construction on the patterns of the coastline in Zhejiang Province were analyzed. The results show that: (1) Affected by the development activities of human, the mainland coastal landscape in Zhejiang Province was characterized by the continued growing of the proportion of the artificial shoreline in recent 20 years. (2) The speed of artificial shoreline construction had significantly differences at different coastal area, especially at the Hangzhou Bay, the Sanmen Bay and the Taizhou Bay. (3) In these 20 years, coastal erosion and retreat occurred at only a small part of mainland coastline in Zhejiang Province. As a whole, it was advancing to the sea obviously. (4) The construction of artificial shoreline shortened the length of natural shoreline and reduced the tortuosity of natural coastline in Zhejiang Province in the process of straightening, but increased the diversity index of the continental coastline.
关键词
人工岸线 /
海岸线格局 /
海岸线变迁 /
海岸地貌
Key words
artificial shoreline /
pattern of the coastline /
coastline change /
coastal morphology
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目资助(41471004,41171073);浙江省自然科学基金项目资助(Y5110321)
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