近百年来浙江三门湾海岸线时空演变特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2021.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文收集了1913年以来的历史地形图、海图和遥感影像,利用地理信息技术和空间分析技术,获取10期三门湾海岸线数据,进而对三门湾近百年来海岸线时空演变特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)海岸线变化主要发生在内海湾,以港汊围堵、连岛并陆为主的围填海活动导致海岸线向海推进的围填海面积总计231.42 km²。(2)海岸线总长度持续缩减,大陆岸线长度累计减少了161.99 km,海岛岸线长度累计减少了121.36 km;海岸线年平均变化强度介于-0.05%至-1.85%,大陆在1971—1980年、海岛在2006—2010年期间变化强度最为剧烈。(3)持续截弯取直致使岸线局部曲折形态特征平直化,自然岸线保有量不断降低,海岸线人工化程度持续增加,大陆远高于海岛。(4)人口增加、经济发展和政策引导是三门湾海岸线演变的主要驱动因素。

关键词: 三门湾, 海岸线, 时空演变

Abstract: Based on historical topographic maps, charts and remote sensing images since 1913, 10 periods of coastline data covering Sanmen Bay were obtained and analyzed using GIS and spatial analysis tools. The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the coastlines in Sanmen Bay during the last 100 years were investigated. The results show that: (1) The changes of coastlines mainly occurred in the inner bay. The reclamation activities, mainly including harbor construction and island-land connection, led to a total land area increase of 231.42 km². (2) The total length of the coastlines was reduced by magnitudes of 161.99 km and 121.36 km for the mainland and islands, respectively. The average annual change intensity of coastlines changed from -0.05% to -1.85% in the last 100 years and the most intensely changes occurred in 1971-1980 for mainland coasts and 2006-2010 for islands. (3) The straightening of coastlines was caused by meandering cutting as a result of the continuous decrease of natural coastlines. The artificial degree of mainland coastlines continued to increase, which was much higher than that of island coastlines. (4) Population growth, economic development and policy guidance were found to be the main driving forces for the coastline evolution in Sanmen Bay.

Key words: Sanmen Bay, coastline, temporal and spatial evolution

中图分类号:

林明祥, 蔡廷禄, 王欣凯, 夏小明. 近百年来浙江三门湾海岸线时空演变特征[J]. 海洋学研究, 2021, 39(1): 47-55.

LIN Mingxiang, CAI Tinglu, WANG Xinkai, XIA Xiaoming. Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the coastline in Sanmen Bay, Zhejiang in past 100 years[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2021, 39(1): 47-55.

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