近30 a来盐城沿海盐沼时空分布演变规律及影响因素分析

郑禹君; 时连强; 徐岱璐; 蒋祖荫; 郭俊丽

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2018.03.006

PDF(3303 KB)

海洋学研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3) : 57-66. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2018.03.006

研究论文

近30 a来盐城沿海盐沼时空分布演变规律及影响因素分析

郑禹君¹, 时连强^*1, 徐岱璐^1,2,3, 蒋祖荫¹, 郭俊丽^1,2,3

作者信息 +

Analysis on the rules of spatial and temporal distribution of salt marsh in Yancheng coastal area over the past 30 years and its influencing factors

ZHENG Yu-jun¹, SHI Lian-qiang^*1, XU Dai-lu^1,2,3, JIANG Zu-yin¹, GUO Jun-li^1,2,3

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

盐沼是全球温带及亚热带地区的主要滨海湿地类型之一,具有重要的生态服务功能。本文以盐城沿海区域为例,利用近30 a来的6期遥感卫星图像,通过简单的植被覆盖指数(NDVI)粗提取和目视解译的方法分析了该区域盐沼的时空演变,并对引起这些变化的影响因子进行了探讨。结果表明,近30 a来研究区盐沼面积呈大幅度先升后降又小幅度上升的趋势,至2015年盐沼面积减少了约18 km²;盐沼的空间位置不断向外扩张,最大扩张距离达到了5.5 km,盐沼的宽度也随着时间不断变化;盐沼植被类型发生了不同程度的演变,景观指数表明景观破碎化程度不断加剧,獐毛、碱蓬、芦苇大量减少,单一的互花米草覆盖湿地。对盐沼时空变化起到影响的自然因素和人为因素中,围垦活动的影响最为显著。

Abstract

Salt marsh is one of the major coastal wetland types in the world's temperate and subtropical regions. Taking Yancheng coastal area as an example and using 6 remote sensing satellite images of past 30 years, the temporal and spatial evolution of salt marsh in this area were analyzed by simple vegetation cover index (NDVI) crude extraction and visual interpretation. The influencing factors of these changes were also discussed. The results show that the area of salt marsh has risen and declined sharply at first and then risen slightly in the past 30 years, it has decreased about 18 km² so far. The salt marsh continues to expand outward, the maximum expansion distance reaches 5.5 km. The width of the salt marsh has also changed over time, salt marsh vegetation types have also undergone different degrees of evolution. The landscape index shows that landscape fragmentation is getting worse. Mane, suaeda and reeds have decreased significantly, and plenty of spartina covers the wetland. Among the natural and human factors that affect the temporal and spatial changes of salt marshes, the effects of reclamation activities are the most pronounced.

导出引用

郑禹君, 时连强, 徐岱璐, 蒋祖荫, 郭俊丽. 近30 a来盐城沿海盐沼时空分布演变规律及影响因素分析[J]. 海洋学研究. 2018, 36(3): 57-66 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2018.03.006

ZHENG Yu-jun, SHI Lian-qiang, XU Dai-lu, JIANG Zu-yin, GUO Jun-li. Analysis on the rules of spatial and temporal distribution of salt marsh in Yancheng coastal area over the past 30 years and its influencing factors[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences. 2018, 36(3): 57-66 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2018.03.006

中图分类号： P737.1

参考文献

[1] COSTANZA R, D'ARGE R, DE GROOT R,et al. The value of the worlds ecosystem services and natural capital[J]. Nature,1997, 387(6 630): 253-260.
[2] GEDAN K B, SILLIMAN B R, BERTNESS M D. Centuries of human-driven change in salt marsh ecosystems[J]. Ann Rev Mar Sci, 2009, 1(1):117-141.
[3] SUN Chao, LIU Yong-xue, LI Man-chun,et al. Spatiotemporal evolution of salt marsh and influential analysis of reclamation of Jiangsu middle coast in recent 25 years[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2015,30(9):1 486-1 498.
孙超,刘永学,李满春,等.近25 a来江苏中部沿海盐沼分布时空演变及围垦影响分析[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(9):1 486-1 498.
[4] BAILY B, PEARSON A W. Change detection mapping and analysis of salt marsh areas of central southern England from Hurst Castle Spit to Pagham Harbour [J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2007, 23(6): 1 549-1 564.
[5] XIE Yan, ZHANG Xiao-xiang, DING Xian-rong, et al. Salt-marsh geomorphological patterns analysis based on remote sensing images and lidar-derived digital elevation model: A case study of Xiaoyangkou, Jiangsu[C]// International Society for Optics and Photonics. International symposium on lidar and radar mapping technologies. 2011.
[6] LI Jing, GAO Shu, WANG Ya-ping. Invading cord grass vegetation changes analyzed from Landsat-TM imageries: A case study from the Wanggang area, Jiangsu coast, eastern China[J]. Acga Oceanol Sin, 2010, 29(3): 26-37.
[7] GAO Zhan-Guo, ZHANG Li-Quan. Measuring and analyzing of the multi-seasonal spectral characteristics for saltmarsh vegetation in Shanghai[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006, 26(3): 793-800.
高占国,张利权.上海盐沼植被的多季相地面光谱测量与分析[J]. 生态学报, 2006, 26(3):793-800.
[8] CHEN Li-jing, JIANG Yan, GONG Xiao-ling. Characteristics of community structures of phytoplankton in the Jiuduansha inshore waters of the Yangtze River estuary[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2013,22(1):74-80.
陈立婧,蒋琰,龚小玲.长江口九段沙湿地近岸水域浮游植物群落结构的特征[J].上海海洋大学学报,2013,22(1):74-80.
[9] LI Gui-dong, ZHOU Yun-xuan, TIAN Bo, et al. Shanghai estuarine and coastal wetlands change analysis based on remote sensing and GIS[J].Journal of Jilin University,2008, 38(2):319-323.
李贵东,周云轩,田波,等.基于遥感和GIS的上海市滩涂湿地资源近期变化分析[J]. 吉林大学学报, 2008, 38(2):319-323.
[10] WANG Qin, WANG Cheng-huan, HUANG Shen-fa, et al. Review on salt marsh plant communities:distribution, succession and impact factors[J].Ecology and Environmnet,2012,21(2):375-388.
王卿,汪承焕,黄沈发,等.盐沼植物群落研究进展:分布、演替及影响因子[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(2):375-388.
[11] Master plan of Yancheng Port[R/OL]. http://www.yancheng.gov.cn/ycsgkglj/ywgl/ghjh/201204/t20120421_210047.html.
盐城港口总体规划[R/OL]. http://www.yancheng.gov.cn/ycsgkglj/ywgl/ghjh/201204/t20120421_210047.html.
[12] LIU Yong-xue, CHEN Jun, ZHANG Ren-shun, et al. Analysis of remote sensing images for vegetation succession on tidal saltmarsh in Jiangsu[J].Rural Eco-Environment,2001,17(3):39-41.
刘永学,陈君,张忍顺,等.江苏海岸盐沼植被演替的遥感图像分析[J].生态与农村环境学报,2001,17(3):39-41.
[13] ZHU Dong, GAO Shu. The expansion of Spartina alterniflora marsh in response to tidal flat reclamation, central Jiangsu coast, eastern China[J].Geographical Research,2014,33(12):2 382-2 392.
朱冬,高抒.江苏中部海岸互花米草扩展对滩涂围垦的响应[J].地理研究,2014,33(12):2 382-2 392.
[14] LI Jian-guo, PU Li-jie, XU Cai-yao, et al. The changes and dynamics of coastal wetlands and reclamation areas in central Jiangsu from 1977 to 2014[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015,70(1):17-28.
李建国,濮励杰,徐彩瑶,等.1977-2014年江苏中部滨海湿地演化与围垦空间演变趋势[J].地理学报,2015,70(1):17-28.
[15] SHEN Yong-ming, FENG Nian-hua, ZHOU Qin, et al. The status and its influence of reclamation on Jiangsu coast[J].Marine Sciences,2006,30(10):39-43.
沈永明,冯年华,周勤,等.江苏沿海滩涂围垦现状及其对环境的影响[J].海洋科学,2006,30(10):39-43.
[16] ZUO Ping, LI Yun, ZHAO Shu-he, et al. Landscape changes of Jiangsu Yancheng coastal wetlands and their driving forces since 1976[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2012,34(1):101-108.
左平,李云,赵书河,等.1976年以来江苏盐城滨海湿地景观变化及驱动力分析[J].海洋学报,2012,34(1):101-108.
[17] ROSSO P, USTIN S, HASTINGS A. Use of lidar to study changes associated with Spartina invasion in San Francisco Baymarshes[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2006, 100(3): 295-306.
[18] YAN Wen-wen, GU Dong-qi, WANG Yong-zhi, et al. Study of evolution of Yanchen coastal wetlands[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2012, 42(12):130-137.
闫文文, 谷东起, 王勇智,等. 盐城海岸带湿地景观演变分析[J]. 中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版, 2012, 42(12):130-137.
[19] JIANG Bing-xing. The seabeach resources of Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province,and their exploitation and utilization[J]. Journal of Natural Resources,1991,6(3):244-252.
蒋炳兴.江苏省盐城市的海涂资源及其开发利用[J].自然资源学报,1991,6(3):244-252.
[20] HOU Ming-xing, LIU Hong-yu, ZHANG Hua-bing. Effection of tidal creek system on the expansion of the invasive Spartina in the coastal wetland of Yancheng[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014, 34(2):400-409.
侯明行, 刘红玉, 张华兵. 盐城淤泥质潮滩湿地潮沟发育及其对米草扩张的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2014, 34(2):400-409.
[21] LI Xiang, DUAN Xiao-feng, LIU Ke-xiu, et al. The risk assessment research on the sea level rise of Tianjin and Hebei coastal areas[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2014(3):108-114.
李响,段晓峰,刘克修,等.津冀沿海地区海平面上升的风险评估研究[J].灾害学,2014(3):108-114.
[22] ZHANG Man-yin. Landscape chang and it's dynamic impacts on the habitat of Red-crowned Crane(Grus Japonensis) in Yancheng coastal wetland,Jiangsu Province[D].Changchun: Dongbei Normal University,2008.
张曼胤.江苏盐城滨海湿地景观变化及其对丹顶鹤生境的影响[D].长春:东北师范大学,2008.
[23] ZHANG Xiao-xiang, YAN Chang-qing, XU Pan, et al. Historical evolution of tidal flat reclamation in the Jiangsu coastal areas[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2013, 68(11):1 549-1 558.
张晓祥, 严长清, 徐盼,等. 近代以来江苏沿海滩涂围垦历史演变研究[J]. 地理学报, 2013, 68(11):1 549-1 558.
[24] WANG Qing. The dynamics of plant community distribution of the salt marshes in the Yangtze River estuary as influenced by Spartina alterniflora invasions[D].Shanghai: Fudan University,2007:9-15.
王卿.长江口盐沼植物群落分布动态及互花米草入侵的影响[D].上海: 复旦大学,2007:9-15.
[25] ZHANG Chang-kuan, CHEN Jun, LIN Kang, et al. Spatial layout of reclamation of coastal tidal flats in Jiangsu Province[J].Journal of Hohai University: Natural Sciences, 2011, 39(2):206-212.
张长宽, 陈君, 林康,等. 江苏沿海滩涂围垦空间布局研究[J]. 河海大学学报:自然科学版, 2011, 39(2):206-212.
[26] WANG Xiao-hui. The value of salt marsh ecosystem services and the benefits of salt marsh reclamation:A comparative study of Wanggang,Jiangsu Province[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University,2006:5-15.
王晓辉. 江苏潮滩湿地生态服务功能价值评估及围垦评价:以王港潮滩为例 [D].南京:南京大学,2006:5-15.