海洋学研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 14-25.DOI: 10.3969-j.issn.1001-909X.2023.01.002

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

海岸海洋碳循环过程与CO2负排放

于雷1,2(), 李三忠1,2, 索艳慧1,2,*(), 王秀娟1,2   

  1. 1.中国海洋大学 海洋地球科学学院 深海圈层与地球系统教育部前沿科学中心 海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266100
    2.崂山实验室 海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-18 修回日期:2023-01-28 出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 索艳慧(1987—),女,副教授,主要从事构造地质与海洋地质方面的研究,E-mail: suoyh@ouc.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:于雷(1990—),男,吉林省长春市人,主要从事沉积岩石学和流体-岩石相互作用研究,E-mail: prcyulei@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大计划重点项目(91958214)

Carbon cycling in costal ocean and CO2 negative emissions

YU Lei1,2(), LI Sanzhong1,2, SUO Yanhui1,2,*(), WANG Xiujuan1,2   

  1. 1. Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
    2. Function Laboratory for Assessment and Prospecting Techniques of Marine Mineral Resources, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
  • Received:2022-10-18 Revised:2023-01-28 Online:2023-03-15 Published:2023-04-28

摘要:

海岸海洋接受大量来自陆源的碳物质和营养盐,涉及大量以碳为中心的相互作用,是重要的碳循环海域;同时,该区域也常发育具有良好圈闭条件的储-盖系统,具有明显的CO2储集潜力。该文以海岸海洋及其下发育的沉积盆地为研究对象,综述了碳物质在海岸海洋中的循环过程、CO2通量的影响因素和海岸海洋沉积盆地的储碳机理。从“双碳”角度,重点论述了海岸海洋在促进CO2负排放方面的意义、促进海洋负碳排放的潜在途径和在沉积盆地的储碳潜力及面临的问题。海岸海洋是重要的碳汇区域之一,高效率的微生物碳泵和碳酸盐碳泵是增强海岸海洋CO2负排放的核心过程;同时,海岸海洋沉积盆地中的储-盖系统,不但提供了额外的CO2封存空间,也保障了CO2封存的安全性。未来的研究应以抑制海岸海洋中碳物质向CO2转化的进程和保障沉积储层中CO2封存的安全性为主要方向,为CO2负排放提供理论依据与技术保障。

关键词: 碳循环, 蓝色碳汇, CO2负排放, 海岸海洋

Abstract:

Costal ocean receives a bunch of carbon materials and nutrients from terrestrial sources, relates a lot of carbon-involving interactions. Meanwhile, it is normal that sedimentary reservoir-cap systems with good trap conditions beneath coastal ocean, these entrapments have potentials to storage CO2. This review focuses on the coastal ocean as the research object, and introduces the carbon cycle processes in coastal ocean, their factors which could influence CO2 fluxes in the carbon cycle processes, and the potential carbon storage mechanisms of the coastal marine sedimentary basins. From the perspective of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”, the significance of coastal oceans for “Ocean Negative Carbon Emission (ONCE)”, its potential promotion paths, carbon storage potentials in sedimentary basins and the problems faced by coastal oceans are discussed. Overall, the costal ocean is one of the important blue carbon sink areas. In the coastal marine seawater system, improving the reaction efficiency of microbial carbon pump and carbonate carbon pump have positive significance for CO2 negative emissions; The suitable reservoir-cap systems for CO2 storage beneath coastal ocean can not only provide extra spaces, but also guarantee the safety for CO2 storage. In the future, the main research directions should be to inhibit the conversion process of carbon materials to CO2 in coastal oceans and ensure the safety of CO2 storage in sedimentary reservoirs, these could provide theoretical basis and technical guarantee for CO2 negative emissions.

Key words: carbon cycling, blue carbon sink, CO2 negative emission, coastal ocean

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