淤泥质潮滩大型底栖动物群落及其碳库:夏季温岭隘顽湾的启示

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2023.04.010

海洋学研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 102-112.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2023.04.010

淤泥质潮滩大型底栖动物群落及其碳库:夏季温岭隘顽湾的启示

田素杰(), 汤雁滨, 于培松, 刘诚刚, 刘清河, 张荣良, 寿鹿, 曾江宁, 廖一波()

自然资源部海洋生态系统动力学重点实验室,自然资源部第二海洋研究所,浙江杭州 310012

收稿日期:2022-08-25 修回日期:2023-03-21 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2024-01-30
通讯作者: *廖一波(1982—),男,研究员,主要从事海洋底栖生物生态学与潮间带生态保护、修复方面的研究,E-mail:liaoyb@sio.org.cn。
作者简介:田素杰(1999—),男,山东省菏泽市人,主要从事近海底栖群落生态学方面的研究,E-mail:sio_tsj@163.com。
基金资助:
浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2023C02003);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(JG1916);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(JG2209);浙江省自然科学基金青年项目(LQ19D060004)

Macrobenthos community and living organic carbon pools on muddy tidal flat: Implications from Aiwan Bay of Wenling in summer

TIAN Sujie(), TANG Yanbin, YU Peisong, LIU Chenggang, LIU Qinghe, ZHANG Rongliang, SHOU Lu, ZENG Jiangning, LIAO Yibo()

Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China

Received:2022-08-25 Revised:2023-03-21 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2024-01-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

潮间带是连接陆地生态系统与海洋生态系统的关键带状区域,其中,淤泥质潮滩是重要而容易被忽视的CO₂自然汇集生境,该生境中不同门类的大型底栖动物在促进碳的输入、传递和存储过程中发挥核心作用。本文以夏季浙江东部沿海隘顽湾淤泥质潮滩断面作为切入点,研究大型底栖动物群落结构及生物碳库。结果显示,隘顽湾淤泥质潮滩大型底栖动物平均丰度为105.2±37.2 ind/m²,平均生物量为46.9±6.4 g/m²,其生境内主要类群组成为甲壳类动物和软体动物,生态系统健康程度整体表现为优秀。隘顽湾潮滩中大型底栖动物有机碳含量由高到低分别为其他类(包括鱼类、纽虫)动物(40.95%)、多毛类动物(22.98%)、甲壳类动物(17.24%)、棘皮动物(15.90%)和软体动物(10.76%)。估算研究区域大型底栖动物碳库约为163.90 Mg,其中甲壳类动物为最大贡献者,占比59.80%。淤泥质潮滩大型底栖动物群落结构与生物碳库大小的探究,可作为我国蓝碳调查体系构建的重要科学依据,也可为进一步量化沿海生境整体碳库大小提供基础数据。

关键词: 大型底栖动物, 蓝碳生态系统, 生物碳库, 淤泥质潮滩

Abstract:

The intertidal zone is a key area connecting terrestrial ecosystems and marine ecosystems, among which muddy tidal flat is an important and easily overlooked CO₂ collection habitat, and the macrobenthos play a central role in the input, transport and preservation of carbon. Macrobenthos community and living organic carbon pools of muddy tidal flat were analyzed in Aiwan Bay, eastern coast of Zhejiang Province in summer. The average abundance of macrobenthos was 105.2 ±37.2 ind/m², and the average biomass was 46.9 ±6.4 g/m². The major taxa components within the habitat were crustaceans and mollusks, and the ecosystem health status was excellent. The organic carbon contents of macrobenthos at Aiwan Bay from highest to lowest were other animals including fish and nemertinea (40.95%), polychaetas (22.98%), crustaceans (17.24%), echinoderms (15.90%), mollusks (10.76%), and estimated the macrobenthos carbon pool was 163.90 Mg, of which crustaceans have the largest contribution rate, accounting for 59.80%. The exploration of macrobenthos community structure and living organic carbon pools size in muddy tidal flat can provide scientific suggestion for constructing the blue carbon survey system and supply fundamental data to further quantify the overall carbon pool size in coastal habitats.

Key words: macrobenthos, blue carbon ecosystem, living carbon pool, muddy tidal flat

中图分类号:

Q178.53

田素杰, 汤雁滨, 于培松, 刘诚刚, 刘清河, 张荣良, 寿鹿, 曾江宁, 廖一波. 淤泥质潮滩大型底栖动物群落及其碳库:夏季温岭隘顽湾的启示[J]. 海洋学研究, 2023, 41(4): 102-112.

TIAN Sujie, TANG Yanbin, YU Peisong, LIU Chenggang, LIU Qinghe, ZHANG Rongliang, SHOU Lu, ZENG Jiangning, LIAO Yibo. Macrobenthos community and living organic carbon pools on muddy tidal flat: Implications from Aiwan Bay of Wenling in summer[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2023, 41(4): 102-112.

图/表 8

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功能群	类群	物种		AWB1断面			AWB2断面
功能群	类群	物种		高潮区	中潮区	低潮区	高潮区	中潮区	低潮区
肉食者	多毛类动物	寡鳃齿吻沙蚕	Nephtys oligobranchia		+	+
		索沙蚕属	Lumbrineris sp.	+				+
		长吻沙蚕	Glycera chirori	+			+	+
	甲壳类动物	鲜明鼓虾	Alpheusdistinguendus		+			+
	软体动物	斑玉螺	Naticatigrina				+
		半褶织纹螺	Nassarius semiplicatus		+	+		+	+
		秀丽织纹螺	Reticunassa festiva					+
	其他类动物	红狼牙虾虎鱼	Odontamblyopus rubicundus					+	+
		纽虫	Nemertinea sp.		+
浮游生物食者	软体动物	彩虹明樱蛤	Iridona iridescens					+
		短拟沼螺	Assiminea brevicula	+	+	+		+	+
		金星蝶铰蛤	Trigonothracia jinxingae					+
		婆罗囊螺	Semiretusa borneensis		+	+		+
		青蛤	Cyclina sinensis	+
		小荚蛏	Siliqua minima						+
		缢蛏	Sinonovacula constricta	+		+	+	+
植食者	甲壳类动物	淡水泥蟹	Ilyoplax tansuiensis				+	+
		弧边招潮	Tubuca arcuata		+	+		+
		隆线拳蟹	Philyracarinata		+	+			+
		日本大眼蟹	Mareotis japonicus		+		+	+
		绒螯近方蟹	Hemigrapsus peniciillatus				+
		长足长方蟹	Metaplax longipes		+			+	+
	软体动物	珠带拟蟹守螺	Cerithidea cingulata					+
碎屑食者	多毛类动物	不倒翁虫	Sternaspis scutata		+	+		+
	棘皮动物	倍棘蛇尾属	Amphioplus sp.		+
	软体动物	褐蚶	Didimacar tenebrica				+	+
杂食者	多毛类动物	琥珀刺沙蚕	Neanthes succinea				+
	软体动物	泥螺	Bullacta exarata	+	+	+		+
	其他类动物	弹涂鱼	Periophthalmus novaeguineaensis		+			+
物种数量/种		29		6	14	9	8	20	6

功能群	类群	物种		AWB1断面			AWB2断面
功能群	类群	物种		高潮区	中潮区	低潮区	高潮区	中潮区	低潮区
肉食者	多毛类动物	寡鳃齿吻沙蚕	Nephtys oligobranchia		+	+
		索沙蚕属	Lumbrineris sp.	+				+
		长吻沙蚕	Glycera chirori	+			+	+
	甲壳类动物	鲜明鼓虾	Alpheusdistinguendus		+			+
	软体动物	斑玉螺	Naticatigrina				+
		半褶织纹螺	Nassarius semiplicatus		+	+		+	+
		秀丽织纹螺	Reticunassa festiva					+
	其他类动物	红狼牙虾虎鱼	Odontamblyopus rubicundus					+	+
		纽虫	Nemertinea sp.		+
浮游生物食者	软体动物	彩虹明樱蛤	Iridona iridescens					+
		短拟沼螺	Assiminea brevicula	+	+	+		+	+
		金星蝶铰蛤	Trigonothracia jinxingae					+
		婆罗囊螺	Semiretusa borneensis		+	+		+
		青蛤	Cyclina sinensis	+
		小荚蛏	Siliqua minima						+
		缢蛏	Sinonovacula constricta	+		+	+	+
植食者	甲壳类动物	淡水泥蟹	Ilyoplax tansuiensis				+	+
		弧边招潮	Tubuca arcuata		+	+		+
		隆线拳蟹	Philyracarinata		+	+			+
		日本大眼蟹	Mareotis japonicus		+		+	+
		绒螯近方蟹	Hemigrapsus peniciillatus				+
		长足长方蟹	Metaplax longipes		+			+	+
	软体动物	珠带拟蟹守螺	Cerithidea cingulata					+
碎屑食者	多毛类动物	不倒翁虫	Sternaspis scutata		+	+		+
	棘皮动物	倍棘蛇尾属	Amphioplus sp.		+
	软体动物	褐蚶	Didimacar tenebrica				+	+
杂食者	多毛类动物	琥珀刺沙蚕	Neanthes succinea				+
	软体动物	泥螺	Bullacta exarata	+	+	+		+
	其他类动物	弹涂鱼	Periophthalmus novaeguineaensis		+			+
物种数量/种		29		6	14	9	8	20	6

类群	大型底栖动物有机碳含量平均值/%
类群	AWB1断面	AWB2断面
甲壳类动物	12.30±3.86	22.17±4.29
软体动物	4.63±2.12	16.88±4.38
多毛类动物	17.49±14.14	28.46±4.87
其他类动物	42.19	39.71
棘皮动物	15.90

类群	大型底栖动物有机碳含量平均值/%
类群	AWB1断面	AWB2断面
甲壳类动物	12.30±3.86	22.17±4.29
软体动物	4.63±2.12	16.88±4.38
多毛类动物	17.49±14.14	28.46±4.87
其他类动物	42.19	39.71
棘皮动物	15.90

海域	调查时间	多样性指数H'	丰富度指数D	均匀度指数J	平均丰度/(ind·m^-2)	平均生物量/(g·m^-2)	数据来源
隘顽湾	2021年8月	3.18	3.29	0.72	105.2	46.9	本研究
南麂列岛	2006年11月	1.39	1.19	0.71	51.0	6.5	文献[34]
	2007年4月	3.06	4.23	0.90	319.0	302.4	文献[34]
	2010年2月	1.62	1.99	0.65	250.7	55.4	文献[35]
	2010年8月	2.12	5.48	0.60	359.2	497.5	文献[35]
崇明东滩	2019年8月				96.4	68.4	文献[36]
南汇边滩	2019年8月				160.4	45.7	文献[36]
三门湾	2012年8月	0.62~1.87	2.64~4.32		407.3	171.9	文献[37]
湄洲湾	2010年10月	2.32 (0.93~3.18)	1.84 (1.21~2.63)	0.79 (0.27~0.97)	91.0	73.9	文献[38]
莱州湾	2016年7月	2.21	1.25	0.63	68.5	24.6	文献[39]
莱州湾	2016年10月	2.39	1.20	0.71	55.1	18.2	文献[39]
南黄海	2019年8月	2.33	1.51	0.85	115.0	245.0	文献[40]
南黄海	2019年10月	2.01	1.22	0.81	126.0	174.5	文献[40]

淤泥质潮滩大型底栖动物群落及其碳库:夏季温岭隘顽湾的启示

Macrobenthos community and living organic carbon pools on muddy tidal flat: Implications from Aiwan Bay of Wenling in summer

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Metrics

生境类型	调查深度/cm	植物有机碳含量/(Mg·hm^-2)		沉积物有机碳含量/(Mg·hm^-2)	数据来源
生境类型	调查深度/cm	地上	地下	沉积物有机碳含量/(Mg·hm^-2)	数据来源
红树林	100	138.0±21.6	52.0±8.9	307.0±33.2	文献[8]
海草		0.09±0.03	0.07±0.03	138.0±8.6
泥滩				143.0±15.5
沙洲				124.0±3.1
红树林	50			179±82	文献[9]
红树林边缘				68±11
泥滩				62±10
红树林	100	253.98	83.96	344.67±42.23	文献[54]
海草		0.36	0.41	175.14±23.81
盐沼植物		8.82	9.95	134.37±19.43
15年红树林	100	50.98±8.82		171.57	文献[55]
45年红树林		116.56±13.72		274.53
80年红树林		289.90±18.33		380.72
泥滩				111.23
本土红树林	100	154.6±27.1	69.9±11.6		文献[56]
外来红树林	100	245.2	65.1		文献[56]
海三棱藨草	100		5.6	165.1	文献[57]
芦苇			29.4	165.7
互花米草			38.3	171.1
泥滩				151.2

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