海表温度对南沙海域鸢乌贼资源变动的影响

吴文秀; 许馨文; 程树兴; 招春旭; 郭有俊; 沈春燕; 颜云榕

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.01.010

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海洋学研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1) : 106-116. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.01.010

研究论文

海表温度对南沙海域鸢乌贼资源变动的影响

吴文秀 ¹ ,
许馨文 ¹ ,
程树兴 ¹ ,
招春旭 ²^,^* ,
郭有俊 ² ,
沈春燕 ¹^,³ ,
颜云榕 ¹^,²^,³

作者信息 +

The influence mechanism of sea surface temperature on the resource change of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in Nansha sea area, South China Sea

WU Wenxiu ¹ ,
XU Xinwen ¹ ,
CHENG Shuxing ¹ ,
ZHAO Chunxu ²^,^* ,
GUO Youjun ² ,
SHEN Chunyan ¹^,³ ,
YAN Yunrong ¹^,²^,³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

根据南沙海域2018—2019年鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)灯光罩网渔获数据和海表温度(sea surface temperature,SST)遥感数据,研究SST对鸢乌贼资源变动的影响。经验正交函数分析(empirical orthogonal function, EOF)显示南沙海域SST季节变化明显,月均值在年内呈双峰型变化,峰值出现在5—6月和10月。2019年南沙海域发生厄尔尼诺,SST高温频率升高,年均值较2018年升高0.3℃。2018年鸢乌贼的单位捕捞努力量渔获量(catch per unit effort,CPUE)为春季(3—5月)高,夏季(6—7月)低,2019年CPUE为冬季(2月)高,夏季(6月)低。广义相加模型(generalized additive model,GAM)显示,月份、SST、纬度和经度4个因子对CPUE的总偏差解释度为55.0%,其中月份与SST的偏差解释度大于其他因子。鸢乌贼群体的适宜温度为27.5~29.5℃,SST超过29.5℃会导致CPUE降低。鸢乌贼渔场集中分布于10°N—12°N、113°E—116°E,各月渔场重心随温度发生变化,低温时东移,高温时西移。

Abstract

The influence of sea surface temperature (SST) on the resource change of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in Nansha Sea area was studied based on the catch data and remote sensing data of SST in 2018 and 2019. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) results showed that the seasonal variation of the SST was obvious and the monthly variability showed a bimodal pattern. Peaks mainly appeared in May-June and October. In 2019, El Niño occurred in the Nansha Sea area, and the high temperature frequency of SST increased, and the annual average temperature value increased by 0.3 ℃ compared with 2018. The catch per unit effort (CPUE) of S. oualaniensis was higher in spring (from March to May)but lower in summer (from June to July) in 2018, while it was higher in winter (February) and lower in summer (June) in 2019.The optimal generalized additive model (GAM) consisted of four factors: month, SST, latitude and longitude, and the total deviation of CPUE was interpreted as 55.0%, in which the deviation of month and SST was explained more than other factors. 27.5 ℃-29.5 ℃ was suitable for the distribution of S. oualaniensis and the CPUE would be reduced by higher temperatures. The fishing ground of S. oualaniensis was distributed in 10°N-12°N, 113°E-116°E, and the center of the fishing ground changed with temperature in each month, shifting eastward when warming up, and westward when cooling down.

导出引用

吴文秀, 许馨文, 程树兴, 等. 海表温度对南沙海域鸢乌贼资源变动的影响[J]. 海洋学研究. 2024, 42(1): 106-116 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.01.010

WU Wenxiu, XU Xinwen, CHENG Shuxing, et al. The influence mechanism of sea surface temperature on the resource change of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in Nansha sea area, South China Sea[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences. 2024, 42(1): 106-116 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.01.010

中图分类号： S931.41

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摘要

根据2010—2014年南海外海鸢乌贼（Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis）渔业生产数据，结合海洋遥感所获得的海表面温度(sea surface temperature, SST)和海表面高度异常(sea surface height anomaly, SSHA)数据，采用外包络法基于单位捕捞努力量渔获量（catch per unit of effort, CPUE)计算适应性指数(suitability index, SI)，用算数平均法建立基于环境因子的栖息地适应性指数(habitat suitability index, HSI)分析模型。结果表明：南海外海鸢乌贼中心渔场的最适SST范围为26.4～29.6 ℃，最适SSHA范围为-0.014～0.114 cm；当HSI>0.6时，作业次数比率为77.99%，平均CPUE为4.13 t·d-1。研究指出，基于海表面温度和海表面高度异常的栖息地适应性指数模型能够较好地表征鸢乌贼的中心渔场，准确率超过77%。

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https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2022-1293

本文引用 [1] 摘要

Based on the ERA5 reanalysis dataset, the temporal and spatial variability characteristics of Chinese offshore solar energy （OSE） resources are analyzed at annual, seasonal and monthly scales in different sea areas. The richness level and the reserve of the OSE resources are evaluated. The results show that the annual offshore global horizontal radiation （GHR） is in the range of 4886-7611 MJ/m2, and the annual mean value is 6429 MJ/m2. The seasonal GHR has a decreasing trend from spring to winter with the corresponding values, 1894, 1827, 1462, 1287 MJ/m2. GHR has a maximum in spring, with little difference to summer, and it has a minimum in winter. On a monthly scale, the maximum of GHR of 650 MJ/m2 occurs in May and the minimum of 377 MJ/m2 in December. In terms of spatial distribution, the GHR in the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea and the East Sea have similar values of 5625, 5581 and 5622 MJ/m2, respectively. The South Sea's annual GHR of 6843 MJ/m2 is the highest of the four, 22% higher than the average GHR of the other three. In the South Sea, the maximum occurs in the mid-east part and mid-west part, with a downward trend towards the north and south part. The annual OSE resources reserve is estimated at 14×109 GWh. It's 600×106, 1700×106, 2800×106 GWh for those sea areas when their water depth is less than 10, 30, 50 m, respectively. As a whole, OSE is abundant in the China Sea and has great value to develop and exploit.

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