不同采样周期下BDS/GNSS精密单点定位验潮精度分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.02.006

海洋学研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 62-70.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.02.006

不同采样周期下BDS/GNSS精密单点定位验潮精度分析

文崧¹^,², 罗孝文¹^,²^,^*, 曹凯²^,³, 尤伟²

1.成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,四川成都 610059
2.自然资源部第二海洋研究所,海底科学重点实验室,浙江杭州 310012
3.山东科技大学测绘与空间信息学院,山东青岛 266590

收稿日期:2023-10-14 修回日期:2024-01-23 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2024-08-09
通讯作者: 罗孝文
作者简介:*罗孝文(1972—),男,研究员,主要从事地球信息与探测技术方面的研究,E-mail: cdslxw@163.com。
文崧 (1998—),男,重庆市人,主要从事GNSS数据处理方面的研究,E-mail: 1574960640@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3003800);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(YJJC2401);浙江省财政一般公共预算资助项目(330000210130313013006)

Analysis of tide observing accuracy at different sampling periods based on BDS/GNSS precise point positioning technique

WEN Song¹^,², LUO Xiaowen¹^,²^,^*, CAO Kai²^,³, YOU Wei²

1. Institute of Sedimentary Geology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
2. Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China
3. College of Geodesy and Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China

Received:2023-10-14 Revised:2024-01-23 Online:2024-06-15 Published:2024-08-09
Contact: LUO Xiaowen

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用海上移动平台搭载GNSS接收机采集观测数据,开展全球卫星导航系统(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)采样周期对验潮精度影响的研究。以30 s、60 s、90 s和120 s为周期抽取成四个数据集,用Trip软件进行动态处理,获取每个测量历元坐标,比较各采样周期下两台接收机潮位测量结果,以标准差作为精度评价指标。研究结果表明,采样周期越短,PPP验潮精度越高,当采样周期缩短至60 s后,变化不再明显;采样周期从120 s逐级递减至90 s、60 s和30 s,精度分别提升63.0%、60.4%和10.0%。另外,对比了BDS/GPS/GLONASS三系统组合和GPS/GLONASS双系统组合GNSS PPP在验潮精度上的差异,结果显示,在30 s、60 s、90 s、120 s采样周期下,三系统较双系统PPP在验潮精度上分别提升了88.9%、90.4%、78.7%和44.7%。

关键词: 精密单点定位, 采样周期, 定位精度, 潮位测量, BDS/GNSS系统

Abstract:

The influence of sampling period of precision point positioning (PPP) of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) on tide accuracy was studied by using GNSS receiver to collect observation data on marine mobile platform. Different data sets were extracted at periods of 30 s, 60 s, 90 s and 120 s, and dynamic processing was carried out with Trip software to obtain the coordinates of each measuring period. The tide level measurement results of two receivers at four sampling periods were compared respectively, and the standard deviation was used as the evaluation index of accuracy. The results show that the shorter the sampling period, the higher the precision of PPP tide test. When the sampling period is shortened to 60 s, the change is no longer obvious. The sampling period gradually decreases from 120 s to 90 s, 60 s and 30 s, and the accuracy increases by 63.0%, 60.4% and 10.0%, respectively. In addition, the difference of PPP accuracy between BDS/GPS/GLONASS three-system combination GNSS and GPS/GLONASS dual-system combination GNSS is compared. At the sampling periods of 30 s, 60 s, 90 s and 120 s, the PPP tide test accuracy of the three-system combination is 88.9%, 90.4%, 78.7% and 44.7% higher than that of the dual-system combination, respectively.

Key words: precise point positioning, sampling period, positioning accuracy, tide level measurement, BDS/GNSS system

中图分类号:

文崧, 罗孝文, 曹凯, 尤伟. 不同采样周期下BDS/GNSS精密单点定位验潮精度分析[J]. 海洋学研究, 2024, 42(2): 62-70.

WEN Song, LUO Xiaowen, CAO Kai, YOU Wei. Analysis of tide observing accuracy at different sampling periods based on BDS/GNSS precise point positioning technique[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2024, 42(2): 62-70.

图/表 11

图1 GNSS验潮示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of GNSS tide gauge

表1 PPP处理策略汇总表

Tab.1 Summary table of PPP processing strategy

参数	策略
处理模式	动态处理
卫星观测系统	GPS,GLONASS,BDS
观测值类型	伪距和载波相位
频率	GPS/GLONASS(L1,L2),BDS(B1,B2)
卫星轨道和钟差	wum最终产品
卫星产品格式	RINEX
产品插值	是
对流层模型	参数估计
电离层模型	无电离层组合
卫星截止高度角	10°
观测周期	30 s; 60 s;90 s;120 s
天线相位改正	PCO+PCV改正
相位缠绕改正	模型改正
模糊度固定方法	固定解

图2 基于不同滤波方法的潮位偏差分布

Fig.2 Tidal level deviance distribution based on different filtering methods

表2 基于不同滤波方法的潮位偏差统计

Tab.2 Statistical results of tidal level deviance based on different filtering methods

滤波方法	最大偏差/m	最小偏差/m	标准差/m
FFT滤波法	0.212	-0.228	0.125
高斯滤波法	0.967	-0.778	0.323
中值滤波法	0.944	-0.980	0.301

图3 滤波前、后海面高程数据对比 (橙色表示年积日为143时的海面高程,蓝点是原始海面高程,红线是滤波后的海面高程。)

Fig.3 Comparison of sea level elevation data before and after filtering (Orange indicates the sea level elevation at DOY 143, the blue dots are the raw sea level elevation measured by GNSS, and the red line is the filtered sea level elevation data.)

图4 滤波前、后海面高程标准差的比较

Fig.4 Standard deviation comparison of sea level elevation before and after filtering

图5 不同采样周期下的实验结果分析

Fig.5 Analysis of experimental results at different sampling periods

表3 不同采样周期潮位测量精度对比

Tab.3 Comparison of measuring accuracy of tidal level at different sampling periods

采样周期	平均偏差/m	标准差/m	R²
30 s	0.067	0.081	0.971
60 s	0.078	0.090	0.958
90 s	0.175	0.227	0.791
120 s	0.472	0.613	0.230

图6 双系统PPP和三系统PPP在不同采样周期下潮位差的累积分布

Fig.6 Cumulative distribution of tide level difference of dual-systems PPP and three-systems PPP at different sampling periods

表4 Statistical differences of tide test results of the three-systems PPP and the dual-systems PPP 单位/m

Tab.4

采样周期	标准差		最大偏差		最小偏差
采样周期	三系统	双系统	三系统	双系统	三系统	双系统
30 s	0.081	0.733	0.197	2.007	-0.122	-2.389
60 s	0.090	0.936	0.158	2.588	-0.194	-2.708
90 s	0.227	1.065	0.488	3.522	-0.965	-2.614
120 s	0.613	1.108	1.885	3.395	-1.735	-3.738

图7 可见卫星数及PDOP值变化

Fig.7 Changes in the number of visible satellites and PDOP values

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不同采样周期下BDS/GNSS精密单点定位验潮精度分析

Analysis of tide observing accuracy at different sampling periods based on BDS/GNSS precise point positioning technique

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