联体线虫科(线虫动物门)系统分类研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2020.02.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 联体线虫科是自由生活海洋线虫中种类多样性较高的一个科,广泛分布于潮间带、浅海甚至超过6 000 m的深渊海底。联体线虫科目前已记录有19个属239个有效种(另有4个属由于原始描述较简单,被认为是疑似属),是当前海洋线虫分类学研究最为活跃的一个科。本文简述了联体线虫科的系统分类研究历史,回顾了这一类群的国内外系统分类学研究进展,对3个亚科的分类进一步做了梳理,并列出了各个属的种类检索表。

关键词: 自由生活海洋线虫, 系统分类, 联体线虫科, 研究进展

Abstract: The Comesomatidae are a group of free-living marine nematodes that widely distributed in the ocean sediments. The development and progress of systematics research of Comesomatidae are briefly summarized and key to the species of each genera is also provided. Our review recognizes 3 subfamilies, 19 valid genera, 239 valid species, 4 genera including 4 species without enough morphological information for accurate identification (species inquirenda).

Key words: free-living marine nematodes, systematics, Comesomatidae, advanced research

中图分类号:

Q959.17

林施泉, 王小谷, 王春生. 联体线虫科(线虫动物门)系统分类研究进展[J]. 海洋学研究, 2020, 38(2): 49-65.

LIN shiquan, WANG Xiaogu, WANG Chunsheng. Progress on the systematics of Comesomatidae (Nematoda)[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2020, 38(2): 49-65.

参考文献

[1] FONSECA G, BEZERRA T N. Order Araeolaimida De Coninck & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1933[M]// SCHMIDT R A. Gastrotricha, Cycloneuralia and Gnathifera Volume 2: Nematoda. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2014:467-486.
[2] BEZERRA T N, DECRAEMER W, EISENDLE-FLÖCKNER U, et al. Nemys: World database of Nematodes[DB/OL].[2019-12-31]. http://nemys.ugent.be. doi:10.14284/366.
[3] FU Sujing, LEDUC D, ZHAO Zeng. Two new and one known deep-sea Comesomatidae Filipjev, 1918 species (Nematoda: Araeolaimida) from New Zealand's continental margin[J]. Marine Biodiversity, 2019, 49(4):1-19.
[4] GUO Yuqing, CHANG Yu, CHEN Yuzhen, et al. Description of a marine nematode Hopperia sinensis sp. nov. (Comesomatidae) from mangrove forests of Quanzhou, China, with a pictorial key to Hopperia species[J]. Journal of Ocean University of China, 2015, 14(6):1111-1115.
[5] GUO Yuqing, CHANG Yu, YANG Peipei. Two new free-living nematode species (Comesomatidae) from the mangrove wetlands in Fujian Province, China[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2018, 37(10):161-167.
[6] HUA Er, ZHANG Zhinan. Four newly recorded free-living marine nematodes (Comesomatidae) from the East China Sea[J]. Journal of Ocean University of China, 2007,6(1):26-32.
[7] LEDUC D. Deep-sea nematodes (Comesomatidae) from the Southwest Pacific Ocean: five new species and three new species records[J]. European Journal of Taxonomy, 2012, 24:1-42.
[8] LEDUC D. Seven new species and one new species record of Sabatieria (Nematoda: Comesomatidae) from the continental slope of New Zealand[J]. Zootaxa, 2013,3693(1):1-3.
[9] ZHANG Zhinan. Two new species of the genus Dorylaimopsis Ditlevsen, 1918 (Nematoda: Adenophora, Comesomatidae) from the Bohai Sea, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 1992, 10(1):31-39.
[10] JENSEN P. A review of the Comesomatidae (free living marine nematodes)[J]. Annales de la Société Royale Zoologique de Belgique, 1979, 108(1/2):25-27.
[11] MUTHUMBI A W, SOETAERT K, VINCX M. Deep-sea nematodes from the Indian Ocean: new and known species of the family Comesomatidae[J]. Hydrobiologia, 1997, 346(1/3):25-57.
[12] JENSEN P. Revision of Comesomatidae (Nematoda)[J]. Zoologica Scripta, 1979, 8(1/4):81-105.
[13] BASTIAN H C. Monograph on the Anguillulidae, or free Nematoids, marine, land, and freshwater; with descriptions of 100 new species[J]. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 1865, 25(2):73-184.
[14] FILIPJEV I N. Free-living marine nematodes of the Sevastopol area[J]. Transactions of the Zoological Laboratory and the Sevastopol Biological Station of the Russian Academy of Sciences Series II, 1918, 2(4):1-255.
[15] FILIPJEV I N. Encore sur les Nematodes libres de la Mer Noire[J]. Trudy Stavropol'skago Sel'skokhozyaistvennago Instituta, 1922, 1(6):83-184.
[16] DE CONINCK L A, SCHUURMANS STEKHOVEN J H J. The freeliving marine nemas of the Belgian coast: II. With general remarks on the structure and the system of nemas[J]. Bulletin of the Royal Belgian Natural History Museum, 1933, 58:3-163.
[17] FILIPJEV I N. The classification of the free-living nematodes and their relation to parasitic nematodes[J]. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection, 1934, 89(8):1-63.
[18] COBB N A. A key to the genera of free-living nemas[J]. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 1935, 2:1-46.
[19] LORENZEN S. Outline of a phylogenetic system for the free-living nematodes[J]. Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fur Meeresforschung in Bremerhaven, 1981, 7:1-472.
[20] DE CONINCK L A. Classe des Nématodes-Systématique des Nématodes et sous-classe des Adenophorea[M]// GRASSÁ P P. Traité de Zoologie. Paris: Masson, 1965:586-681.
[21] DITLEVSEN H. Marine freeliving nematodes from Danish waters[J]. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i Kjøbenhavn, 1918, 70(7):147-214.
[22] GERLACH S A, RIEMANN F. The Bremerhaven checklist of aquatic Nematodes. Ver ffentlichungen des Instituts für Meeresforschung in Bremerhaven, Part 1[M]. Bremen: Kommissionsverlag Franz Leuwer, 1973.
[23] WIESER W. Free-living marine nematodes II. Chromadoroidea[R]. Reports of the Lund University Chile Expedition, 1954, 50:1-148.
[24] ANDRÁSSY I. Evolution as a basis for the systematization of nematodes[M]. Budapest: Pitman Publishing, 1976.
[25] PLATT H M. The freeliving marine nematode genus Sabatieria (Nematoda: Comesomatidae).Taxonomic revision and pictorial keys[J]. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 1985, 83(1):27-78.
[26] MALAKHOV V V. Nematodes: Structure, development, classification and phylogeny[M]. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994.
[27] LITVAITIS M K, BATES J W, HOPE W D, et al. Inferring a classification of the Adenophorea (Nematoda) from nucleotide sequences of the D3 expansion segment (26/28S rDNA)[J]. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2000, 78(6):911-922.
[28] SHARMA J, SUN Lu, HOPE W D, et al. Phylogenetic relationships of the marine nematode family comesomatidae[J]. Journal of Nematology, 2006, 38(2):229-232.
[29] MELDAL B H, DEBENHAM N J, DE LEY P, et al. An improved molecular phylogeny of the nematoda with special emphasis on marine taxa[J]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2007, 42(3):622-636.
[30] WoRMS Editorial Board. World Register of Marine Species[DB/OL]. [2019-12-31]. http://www.marinespecies.org at VLIZ. doi:10.14284/ 170.
[31] RIEMANN F, SCHRAGE M. Zwei neue Nematoda Desmodorida aus der Iberischen Tiefsee. Meteor-Forschungsergebnisse[J]. Reihe D. Biologie, 1977, 25:49-53.
[32] FU Sujing, LEDUC D, RAO Yiyong, et al. Three new free-living marine nematode species of Dorylaimopsis (Nematoda: Araeolaimida: Comesomatidae) from the South China Sea and the Chukchi Sea[J]. Zootaxa, 2019, 4608(3):433-450.
[33] GAGARIN V G. Four new species of free-living marine nematodes of the family Comesomatidae (Nematoda: Araeolaimida) from coast of Vietnam[J]. Zootaxa, 2013, 3608(7):547-560.
[34] HUANG Mian, HUANG Yong. Two new species of Comesomatidae (Nematoda) from the East China Sea[J]. Zootaxa, 2018, 4407(4):573-581.
[35] HUANG Mian, JIA Susu, HUANG Yong. One new species and one new record of the species of the family Comesomatidae (Nematoda: Chromadorida) from the South China Sea[J]. Zootaxa, 2018, 4504(1):119-127.
[36] HUANG Mian, SUN Yan, HUANG Yong. Dorylaimopsis heteroapophysis sp. nov. (Comesomatidae: Nematoda) from the Jiaozhou Bay of China[J]. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 2018, 59(6):609-613.
[37] HUANG Yong, WU Xiuqin. Two new free-living marine nematode species of the genus Vasostoma (Comesomatidae) from the Yellow Sea, China[J]. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 2010, 51:19-27.
[38] HUANG Yong, WU Xiuqin. Two new free-living marine nematode species of the genus Vasostoma (Comesomatidae) from the China Sea[J]. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 2011, 52:147-155.
[39] ZHOU Hong, ZHANG Zhinan. New records of freeliving marine nematodes from Hong Kong, China[J]. Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao, 2003, 2(2):177-184.
[40] 黄宗国,林茂.中国海洋物种多样性[M].北京:海洋出版社,2012.
HUANG Zongguo, LIN Mao. The living species and their illustrations in China's Sea[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 2012.
[41] 刘瑞玉.中国海洋生物名录[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
LIU Ruiyu. Cheeklist of marine biota of China Seas[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2008.
[42] HUANG Mian, XU Kuidong, HUANG Yong. Setosabatieria minor sp. nov. (Comesomatidae, Nematoda) from the South China Sea[J]. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 2019, 60(4):387-393.
[43] ZHAI Hongxiu, WANG Chunming, HUANG Yong. Sabatieria sinica sp. nov. (Comesomatidae, Nematoda) from the Jiaozhou Bay of Qingdao, China[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2019, 38(9):539-544.
[44] GERLACH S A. Die Nematodenbesiedlung des tropischen Brandungsstrandes von Pernambuco. Brasilianische Meeres- Nematoden I[J]. Kieler Meeresforschungen, 1956, 12(2):202-218.
[45] GOURBAULT N. Nématodes abyssaux (Campagne Walda du N/O “J.Charcot”). II. Espèces et genre nouveaux de Comesomatidae[J]. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1980, 2(3):737-749.
[46] GAGARIN V G, NGUYEN D T. Paracomesoma minor sp. n. and Microlaimus validus sp. n. (Nematoda) from the coast of Vietnam[J]. Zootaxa, 2014, 3856(3):366-374.
[47] SCHUURMANS STEKHOVEN J H J. The freeliving marine nemas of the Mediterranean. I. The Bay of Villefranche[J]. Bulletin of the Royal Belgian Natural History Museum, 1950, 37:1-220.
[48] HOPPER B E. Free-living marine nematodes from Biscayne Bay, Florida, I. Comesomatidae: the male of Laimella longicauda Cobb, 1920, and description of Actarjania new genus[J]. Marine Biology, 1967, 1(2):140-144.
[49] HOPE W D, MURPHY D G. A taxonomic hierarchy and checklist of the genera and higher taxa of marine nematodes[J]. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1972, 137:1-101.
[50] NGUYEN D T, NGUYEN V T, SMOL N, et al. New genus Asymmelaimus gen. n., sp n. and new marine nematode species of the subfamily Dorylaimopsinae de Coninck, 1965 (Comesomatidae Filipjev, 1918) from Halong Bay, Vietnam[J]. Russian Journal of Nematology, 2008, 16(1):7-16.
[51] SMOLYANKO O I, BELOGUROV O I. Description and taxonomic position of Expressonema grandulata gen. et sp. n. and structural analysis of the family Dorylaimopsidae (Nematoda, Comesomatidea)[J]. Zoologičeskij Žurnal, 1991, 70(5):117-127.
[52] HOPE W D, ZHANG Zhinan. New nematodes from the Yellow Sea, Hopperia hexadentata n. sp. and Cervonema deltensis n. sp. (Chromadorida: Comesomatidae), with observations on morphology and systematics[J]. Invertebrate Biology, 1995, 114(2):119-138.
[53] INGLIS W G. Free-living nematodes from South Africa: Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) [J]. Zoology, 1961, 7(6):293-319.
[54] VITIELLO P. Hopperia, nouveau genre de Nématode libre marin (Comesomatidae) [J]. Téthys, 1969, 1(2):485-491.
[55] ROSLI N, LEDUC D, PROBERT P K. Two new species and a new record of Comesomatidae (Nematoda, Araeolaimida) from Southern Hikurangi Margin, New Zealand[J]. Zootaxa, 2014, 3900(4):505-525.
[56] HONG J H, TCHESUNOV A V, LEE W. Revision of Cervonema Wieser, 1954 and Laimella Cobb, 1920 (Nematoda: Comesomatidae) with descriptions of two species from East Sea, Korea[J]. Zootaxa, 2016, 4098(2):333-357.
[57] PLATT H M, WARWICK R M. Free-living marine nematodes Part II, British Chromadorids[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
[58] VITIELLO P. Nématodes libres marins des vases profondes du golfe du Lion. II Chromadorida[J]. Téthys, 1970, 2(2):449-500.
[59] LEDUC D, WHARTON D A. Three new species of free-living nematodes from inter-tidal sediments in southern New Zealand[J]. Nematology, 2008, 10(5):743-755.
[60] SERGEEVA N G. New species of free-living nematodes of the order Enoplida in the Black Sea[J]. Zoologičeskij Žurnal, 1972, 51(8):1233-1237.
[61] COBB N A. One hundred new nemas (type species of 100 new genera)[J]. Contributions to a Science of Nematology, 1920, 9:217-343.
[62] 黄冕.海南岛自由生活线虫的分类研究[D].聊城:聊城大学,2018.
HUANG Mian. Study on classification of free-living Nematodes from the Hainan Island[D].Liaocheng: Liaocheng Univeristy, 2018.
[63] ROUVILLE E. Revision des Nematodes Libres, Marins, de la Region de Cette[J]. Academie des Sciences, 1903, 137:1002-1003.
[64] LEDUC D. Four new nematode species (Araeolaimida: Comesomatidae, Diplopeltidae) from the New Zealand continental slope[J]. Zootaxa, 2017, 244(2):244-264.
[65] DE MAN J G. Vrijlevende nematoden[M]//REDEKE H C. Flora en fauna der Zuiderzee. Den Helder: de Boer, 1922: 214-261.
[66] CHEN C A, SHABDIN M L. A new species of Setosabatieria Platt, 1985 (Nematoda: Comesomatidae) from Chek Jawa, Singapore, with a key to valid species of the genus[J]. Marine Biology Research, 2014, 11(2): 203-208.
[67] ALLGÉN C. Über einige freilebende marine Nematoden von der Westküste Schwedens (Umgebung der Zoologischen Station Kristineberg)[J]. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 1951, 147(9/10):254-259.
[68] ALLGÉN C. Freeliving marine nematodes[M]//ODHNER N H J. Further zoological results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1901-1903. Stockholm: Kungl. Boktryckeriet P. A. Norstedt & Soner, 1959:1-293.
[69] ALLGÉN C. Über einige freilebende marine Nematoden von der Ostküste Südamerikas (Uruguay, Nordküste Argentinas)[J]. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 1958, 160(9/10):206-217.
[70] FU Sujing, LEDUC D, ZHAO Zengqi. Two new and one known deep-sea Comesomatidae Filipjev, 1918 species (Nematoda: Araeolaimida) from New Zealand's continental margin[J]. Marine Biodiversity, 2019, 49(4):1931-1949.
[71] NGUYEN D T, NGUYEN T H, THANH N V, et al. A supplement to molecular data five free-living marine nematode species of the family Comesomatidae Filipjev, (Nematoda: Chromadorida) from North Vietnam[J]. Tap chi Sinh Hoc, 2013, 35(3):265-271.