Long-term changes of CODMn flux into the sea: Retrieval of spectral information from remote sensing images of Oujiang River

doi:10.3969-j.issn.1001-909X.2023.01.004

Abstract

Abstract:

As the second largest river in Zhejiang Province, Oujiang River has about 20 billion cubic meters of water flowing into the East China Sea every year. In order to explore the COD_Mn flux of Oujiang River into the sea and its characteristics of long-term changes based on the correlation between the measured data and the spectral information of Landsat-8 remote sensing image, the Oujiang River COD_Mn remote sensing inversion model was constructed (the average relative error is 28%) and the inversion results of COD_Mn in the middle and lower reaches of Oujiang River in 1986-2020 were obtained. In addition, based on rainfall data, the runoff and COD_Mn flux into the sea was further estimated and then remote sensing monitoring of long-term changes of Oujiang COD_Mn flux into the sea was realized. The results show that the difference of COD_Mn between dry and wet seasons in the Oujiang River Estuary is not obvious, but in general, the COD_Mn in wet season was slightly higher than that in dry season. From 1986 to 2020, the COD_Mn flux of Oujiang River into the sea fluctuated greatly, with a slight downward trend.

Key words: Oujiang River, COD_Mn, flux into the sea, satellite remote sensing, change trend

CLC Number:

P734
TP79

LIU Yuening, GONG Fang, HE Xianqiang, JIN Xuchen. Long-term changes of COD_Mn flux into the sea: Retrieval of spectral information from remote sensing images of Oujiang River[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2023, 41(1): 45-54.

Figures/Tables 9

References 21

[1]	YANG B, LIU Y P, OU F P, et al. Temporal and spatial analysis of COD concentration in East Dongting Lake by using of remotely sensed data[J]. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2011, 10: 2703-2708. DOI URL
[2]	夏圣斌, 张慧霖, 朱世凯. 昆山吴淞江流域地表水中TOC与高锰酸盐指数的相关性分析[J]. 智慧农业导刊, 2021, 1(3):40-42.
	XIA S B, ZHANG H L, ZHU S K. Correlation analysis between TOC and permanganate index in surface water of Wusong River Basin in Kunshan[J]. Journal of Smart Agriculture, 2021, 1(3): 40-42.
[3]	陈坤, 李捷, 徐庆彤, 等. 渤海西部陆域河流COD_Mn与TOC浓度分布及相关性研究[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2016, 55(8):1926-1930.
	CHEN K, LI J, XU Q T, et al. COD_Mn and TOC concentration distribution and correlation studies of different rivers in the west of Bohai Sea[J]. Hubei Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 55(8): 1926-1930.
[4]	陈光, 刘廷良, 孙宗光. 水体中TOC与COD相关性研究[J]. 中国环境监测, 2005, 21(5):9-12.
	CHEN G, LIU T L, SUN Z G. Research of the correlation between TOC and COD in water[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2005, 21(5): 9-12.
[5]	杨一鹏, 王桥, 王文杰, 等. 水质遥感监测技术研究进展[J]. 地理与地理信息科学, 2004, 20(6):6-12.
	YANG Y P, WANG Q, WANG W J, et al. Application and advances of remote sensing techniques in determining water quality[J]. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2004, 20(6): 6-12.
[6]	解启蒙, 林茂森, 杨国范, 等. 清河水库水体高锰酸盐指数遥感反演模型研究[J]. 中国农村水利水电, 2017(10):57-61.
	XIE Q M, LIN M S, YANG G F, et al. Study on remote sensing inversion model of permanganate index in Qinghe Reservoir[J]. China Rural Water and Hydropower, 2017(10): 57-61.
[7]	王丽艳, 史小红, 孙标, 等. 基于MODIS数据遥感反演呼伦湖水体COD浓度的研究[J]. 环境工程, 2014, 32(12):103-108.
	WANG L Y, SHI X H, SUN B, et al. Determination of COD concentration of water in Hulun Lake based on MODIS data[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2014, 32(12): 103-108.
[8]	王歆晖, 田华, 季铁梅, 等. 哨兵2卫星综合水质指标的河流水质遥感监测方法[J]. 上海航天(中英文), 2020, 37(5):92-97,104.
	WANG X H, TIAN H, JI T M, et al. Remote sensing monitoring method for comprehensive water quality index in rivers based on Sentinel-2 satellite[J]. Aerospace Shanghai (Chinese & English), 2020, 37(5): 92-97, 104.
[9]	吴铭, 黄珏, 宫丽娇, 等. 长时序Landsat的北极Lena河DOC浓度变化及驱动力分析[J]. 遥感学报, 2021, 25(3):830-845.
	WU M, HUANG J, GONG L J, et al. Analysis of DOC concentration variation and driving forces in the Arctic River Lena based on long-term Landsat time series[J]. National Remote Sensing Bulletin, 2021, 25(3): 830-845.
[10]	TOPP S N, PAVELSKY T M, JENSEN D, et al. Research trends in the use of remote sensing for inland water quality science: Moving towards multidisciplinary applications[J]. Water, 2020, 12(1): 169. DOI URL
[11]	李彦伟, 刘菁, 侯庆志, 等. 瓯江江心屿河段分流比演变及其影响因素[J]. 人民长江, 2020, 51(11):22-27,133.
	LI Y W, LIU J, HOU Q Z, et al. Evolution and influence factors of diversion ratio of Jiangxinyu reach in Oujiang River[J]. Yangtze River, 2020, 51(11): 22-27, 133.
[12]	中华人民共和国生态环境部.2021年中国海洋生态环境状况公报[R/OL].[2022-06-30]. https://www.mee.gov.cn/hjzl/sthjzk/jagb/.
	Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China. Bulletin on China’s marine ecological environment in 2021[R/OL].[2022-06-30]. https://www.mee.gov.cn/hjzl/sthjzk/jagb/.
[13]	国家环境保护总局.地表水和污水监测技术规范:HJ/T 91—2002[S]. 北京: 中国环境出版社, 2002.
	State Environmental Protection Administration. Technical specifications requirements for monitoring of surface water and waste water: HJ/T 91—2002[S]. Beijing: China Environment Publishing House, 2002.
[14]	国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会. 水和废水监测分析方法[M]. 第四版. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2002.
	The Editorial Committee of water and wastewater monitoring and analysis method of State Environmental Protection Administration. Water and wastewater monitoring and analysis method[M]. Fourth Edition. Beijing: China Envi-ronmental Science Press, 2002.
[15]	LI Z R, SHENG Y Q, SHI W J, et al. Influence of salinity on COD measurements in coastal water management[J]. Desalination and Water Treatment, 2016, 57(39): 18338-18345. DOI URL
[16]	PENG S Z, DING Y X, LIU W Z, et al. 1 km monthly temperature and precipitation dataset for China from 1901 to 2017[J]. Earth System Science Data, 2019, 11(4): 1931-1946. DOI URL
[17]	王东. 广通河流域降水径流关系判断与变异特性研究[J]. 甘肃水利水电技术, 2021, 57(11):4-7.
	WANG D. Study on the relationship between precipitation and runoff and its variation characteristics in Guangtong River Basin[J]. Gansu Water Resources and Hydropower Technology, 2021, 57(11): 4-7.
[18]	LIU D, BAI Y, HE X Q, et al. Changes in riverine organic carbon input to the ocean from mainland China over the past 60 years[J]. Environment International, 2020, 134:105258. DOI URL
[19]	浙江省水文管理中心. 浙江省水资源公报[R/OL].1998—2020[2022-06-30]. https://www.zjsw.cn/pages/nav.jsp?catId=1029.
	Zhejiang Provincial Hydrological Management Center. Zhejiang water resources bulletin[R/OL]. 1998-2020[2022-06-30]. https://www.zjsw.cn/pages/nav.jsp?catId=1029.
[20]	浙江省生态环境厅. 浙江省环境状况公报[R/OL].1997—2020[2022-06-30]. http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/col/col1201912/index.html.
	Zhejiang Provincial Department of Ecological Environment. Zhejiang environmental status bulletin[R/OL]. 1997-2020[2022-06-30]. http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/col/col1201912/index.html.
[21]	温州市生态环境局. 温州市环境状况公报[R/OL].2005—2020[2022-06-30]. http://sthjj.wenzhou.gov.cn/col/col1229561926/index.html.
	Wenzhou Ecological Environment Bureau. Wenzhou environ-mental status bulletin[R/OL]. 2005-2020 [2022-06-30]. http://sthjj.wenzhou.gov.cn/col/col1229561926/index.html.

站点名称	COD_Mn/(mg·L^-1)
站点名称	9月湿季航次	12月干季航次
OJ10	1.26	1.10
OJ09	1.37	0.80
OJ13	0.98	1.10
OJ14	1.63	1.10
OJ08	1.89	1.00
OJ15	1.69	1.00
OJ16	2.01	1.40
OJ17	2.28	1.10
OJ19	2.20	1.30
OJ20	3.12	3.10
OJ03	5.47	5.20
最大值	6.67	6.20
最小值	0.98	0.80
平均值	2.84	2.21
标准差	1.60	1.87

站点名称	COD_Mn/(mg·L^-1)
站点名称	9月湿季航次	12月干季航次
OJ10	1.26	1.10
OJ09	1.37	0.80
OJ13	0.98	1.10
OJ14	1.63	1.10
OJ08	1.89	1.00
OJ15	1.69	1.00
OJ16	2.01	1.40
OJ17	2.28	1.10
OJ19	2.20	1.30
OJ20	3.12	3.10
OJ03	5.47	5.20
最大值	6.67	6.20
最小值	0.98	0.80
平均值	2.84	2.21
标准差	1.60	1.87

卫星名称	遥感器	时间跨度	图幅数量/幅
Landsat-5	TM	1986-01-07—2011-10-27	134
Landsat-7	ETM+	1999-10-02—2003-01-14	21
Landsat-7	ETM+(修复条带后)	2003-07-25—2021-01-15	42
Landsat-8	OLI	2013-04-23—2021-12-09	46

卫星名称	遥感器	时间跨度	图幅数量/幅
Landsat-5	TM	1986-01-07—2011-10-27	134
Landsat-7	ETM+	1999-10-02—2003-01-14	21
Landsat-7	ETM+(修复条带后)	2003-07-25—2021-01-15	42
Landsat-8	OLI	2013-04-23—2021-12-09	46

波段组合	模型形式	R²	p	n
ln(Blue+NIR)/ln(Red)	Y=816.827-1 484.774X+675.798X²	0.523	<0.001	42
ln(Green×NIR)/ln(Red+NIR)	Y=3 368.372-2 742.496X+269.527X³	0.577	<0.001	42
ln(Blue×NIR)/ln(Red+NIR)	Y=1 706.314-1 400.998X+140.141X³	0.611	<0.001	42