Internal waves occur frequently in Andaman Sea, and the study of its internal waves is the hotspot of ocean research today. In this study, more than 3 000 Terra/Aqua MODIS, GF-1, Landsat-8 and Sentinel-1 satellite remote sensing images covering the entire Andaman Sea from 2013 to 2016 were analyzed to obtain spatial and temporal distribution and wave direction feature of internal waves in the Andaman Sea. The statistical result shows that internal waves can be observed by the remote sensing mostly in four areas: north of Sumatra Island, middle of the Andaman Sea, north of the Andaman Sea and west of Nicobar Islands. The internal waves with a relative large spatial scale in northern Sumatra and middle of the Andaman Sea are more active in the Andaman Sea. No internal waves in the deep sea and the gradually changing bathymetric gradients areas of the Andaman Sea have been observed by the remote sensing. The distribution of observed internal waves is similar each year from 2013 to 2016 in the Andaman Sea. Internal waves can be observed in the Andaman Sea all through the year, most in February to April (hot season), next in August and September (rainy season), A minimum number of internal waves are observed in June, however, this may be caused by the small amount of clear optical images in rainy season in the Andaman Sea, it needs to further prove by using more remote sensing images. From the directions distribution, most internal waves propagate to the coast. Internal waves propagate eastward or southeastward in north of Sumatra Island and middle of the Andaman Sea, southeastward or southwestward in eastern Andaman Island. In addition, we found some internal waves propagate from the Andaman Sea to the Bay of Bengal.
Key words
Andaman Sea /
internal waves /
remote sensing /
spatial-temporal distribution /
wave direction
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