Acoustic propagation characteristics of horizontally varying double duct waveguides under Arctic ice

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.01.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Acoustic propagation in horizontally varying double duct waveguides under ice cover was investigated for the phenomenon of double duct waveguides in some Arctic seas. The ice reflection coefficients on the rough undersurface were derived and determined by the perturbation method, and the acoustic propagation characteristics of the horizontally varying double duct waveguide in the measured sea area were computed and analyzed by combining with the Bellhop ray model, and the influences of the depth of the sound source, the angle of incidence of the sound source and the frequency of the sound source on the acoustic propagation in the horizontally varying double duct waveguide were also investigated. The results show that in the Arctic, acoustic propagation in the deep-sea sound duct is mostly confined to the upper and lower edges of the deep-sea sound duct; the acoustic propagation loss is smaller when the sound source is at the same depth as the horizontally varying deep-sea sound duct axis, and the horizontally varying sound velocity profile has a lower acoustic propagation loss compared to the horizontally unchanged one when the sound source is located outside of the boundary of the deep-sea sound duct; the angle of incidence has a smaller effect on the acoustic propagation in the double duct waveguide; as the frequency of the sound source increases, the acoustic propagation loss in the surface duct increases, but the effect on the deep-sea duct is not obvious, and the horizontally varying sound velocity profile is more favorable for acoustic propagation at the same frequency.

Key words: double duct waveguide, horizontal variation, deep-sea sound channel, sound channel axis

CLC Number:

P733.21

KE Lei, WU Shaowei. Acoustic propagation characteristics of horizontally varying double duct waveguides under Arctic ice[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2024, 42(1): 47-57.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Ice reflection model

Fig.2 Ice reflection coefficient

Fig.3 Distribution of data collection points (The direction of the arrow indicates the direction of the horizontal distribution of the sound velocity profile.)

Fig.4 Profile of temperature, salinity and speed of sound at point A1 and B1 (The blue dashed line and the orange dashed line in figure C are the lines connecting the upper and lower boundaries of the deep-sea acoustic channel for sound velocity profile A1 and sound velocity profile B1 respectively.)

Fig.5 Sound velocity profiles of A1-A21, B1-B15 (The actual distances of A1-A21 and B1-B15 are 202 km and 199.2 km, respectively, which are shown as 200 km in this figure for the convenience of presentation.)

Fig.6 Comparison of acoustic propagation loss for sound velocity profiles A and B at constant level versus changing level

Fig.7 Comparison of acoustic propagation loss of sound velocity profile A at different source depths

Fig.8 Acoustic propagation loss of sound velocity profile A and B at different source depths

Fig.9 Acoustic propagation loss of sound velocity profile A at different source depths and source incidence angles

Fig.10 Acoustic propagation loss at different source frequencies for constant and varying levels of sound velocity profile A

Fig.11 Acoustic propagation loss of sound velocity profile A at different source depths and frequencies

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