Numerical study on the upwelling of Zhejiang coast in spring

NI Ting-ting; GUAN Wei-bing; CAO Zhen-yi; CHEN Qi

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2014.02.001

PDF(5156 KB)

Journal of Marine Sciences ›› 2014, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2) : 1-13. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2014.02.001

Numerical study on the upwelling of Zhejiang coast in spring

NI Ting-ting^1,2, GUAN Wei-bing^*1,2,3, CAO Zhen-yi^1,2, CHEN Qi^1,2

Author information +

History +

Abstract

This paper took the Zhejiang coast as the research domain and a 3D baroclinic nonlinear numerical model was used to simulate coastal upwelling on the basis of special topography along Zhejiang coast, with some variable dynamic factors, such as wind, Taiwan Warm Current, tides, and Changjiang runoff, taken into account. The results show that upwelling in banding shape occurs along Zhejiang coast in spring, with the strong upwelling centers occurring near Yushan Islands(28.40°N, 122.00°E) and Zhoushan Islands(30.70°N,122.60°~123.00°E). The wind, Taiwan Warm Current, and tides are main inducements of upwelling. The wind and Taiwan Warm Current influence entire upwelling band. Tides affect the two strong upwelling centers and the upwelling between 28.60°N and Zhoushan Islands, which parallels the Zhejiang coast. Changjiang runoff affect the upwelling near Zhoushan Islands, Changjiang Estuary and the two centers of upwelling.The dynamic cause of currents demonstrates that onshore velocities at the bottom depth contours of 20 m, 30 m, and 50 m near Zhoushan Islands are bigger than those surrounding areas. The phenomenon of upwelling is obvious. For the upwelling near Zhoushan, Coriolis force, horizontal advection, and vertical viscous force are main driving mechanisms of upwelling within 20~30 m. Coriolis force and pressure gradient force are main forcing factors below 30 m, while horizontal advection and vertical viscous force are weak.

Key words

Zhejiang coast / upwelling / Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS) / dynamic cause

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

NI Ting-ting, GUAN Wei-bing, CAO Zhen-yi, CHEN Qi. Numerical study on the upwelling of Zhejiang coast in spring[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences. 2014, 32(2): 1-13 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2014.02.001

References

[1] CAO Xin-zhong. Preliminary study on the seasonal process of the coastal upwelling off Zhejiang in the East Sea, China[J].Journal of Fisheries,1986,10(1):51-69.
曹欣中.浙江近海上升流季过程的初步研究[J].水产学报,1986,10(1):51-69.
[2] Chinese marine disasters bulletin of 2011[EB/OL]. http://www.coi.gov.cn/gongbao/zaihai/.
2011年中国海洋灾害公报[EB/OL]. http://www.coi.gov.cn/gongbao/zaihai/.
[3] LOU Xiu-lin. Remote sensing of Zhejiang coastal upwelling and its relationship with red tides[D].Qingdao: Ocean University of China,2010.
楼琇林.浙江沿岸上升流遥感观测及其与赤潮灾害关系研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2010.
[4] MAO Han-li, REN Yun-wu, WAN Guo-ming. Analysis quantitatively shallow water by the relationship of T-S[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,1964,1(6):1-22.
毛汉礼,任允武,万国铭.应用T-S关系定量地分析浅海水团的初步研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1964,1(6):1-22.
[5] GUAN Bing-xian,CHEN Shang-ji. Chinese offshore currents system[M]//Ocean Group's General Oceanographic Survey Room of State Science Committee. General oceanographic survey: The fifth volume.1964:1-85.
管秉贤,陈上及.中国近海的海流系统[M]//国家科委海洋组海洋综合调查办公室.全国海洋综合调查报告:第五册.1964:1-85.
[6] HU Dun-xin, LÜ Liang-hong, XIONG Qing-cheng, et al. The study of coastal upwelling off Zhejiang[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1980,25(3):131-133.
胡敦欣,吕良洪,熊庆成,等.关于浙江沿岸上升流的研究[J].科学通报,1980,25(3):131-133.
[7] Pan Yu-qiu, CAO Xin-zhong, XU Jian-ping. Preliminary discussion about the characteristic of coastal upwelling frontal zone and its causes off Zhejiang[J].Transaction of Oceanology and Limnology,1982(3):1-7.
潘玉球,曹欣中,许建平.浙江沿岸上升流锋区特征及其成因的初步探讨[J].海洋湖沼通报,1982(3):1-7.
[8] PAN Yu-qiu, XU Rui-rong, XU Jian-ping. Frontal structure, diversification, and its reason of coastal upwelling zone off Zhejiang coast[J].Acta Oceanologic Sinca,1985,7(4):401-411.
潘玉球,徐端蓉,许建平.浙江沿岸上升流区的锋面结构、变化及其原因[J].海洋学报,1985,7(4):401-411.
[9] LIU Xian-bing, SU Ji-lan. Numerical simulation of coastal upwelling and frontal off Zhejiang[J]. Acta Oceanologic Sinca,1991,13(3):305-314.
刘先炳,苏纪兰.浙江沿岸上升流和沿岸锋面的数值研究[J].海洋学报,1991,13(3):305-314.
[10] HUANG Zu-ke, YU Guang-yao. Numerical simulation of tide-induced upwelling in coastal areas of the East China Sea[J].Journal of Ocean University of China,1996,26(4):405-412.
黄祖珂,余光耀.东海沿岸潮致上升流的数值模拟[J].青岛海洋学报,1996,26(4):405-412.
[11] XU Jian-ping. Primary analysis of hydrogeological structure in the coastal upwelling zone off Zhejiang in winter[J]. Donghai Marine Science,1986,9(3):19-24.
许建平.浙江近海上升流区冬季水文结构的初步分析[J].东海海洋,1986,9(3):19-24.
[12] YAN Ting-zhuang. Features and classification of coastal upwellings off China[J].Marine Science Bullentin,1991,10(6):1-6.
颜廷壮.中国沿岸上升流成因类型的初步划分[J].海洋通报,1991,10(6):1-6.
[13] PAN Yu-ping, SHA Wen-yu. Numerical study on the coastal upwelling off Fujian and Zhejiang[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2004,35(3):193-201.
潘玉萍,沙文钰.冬季闽浙沿岸上升流的数值研究[J].海洋与湖沼.2004,35(3):193-201.
[14] QIAO Fang-li, YANG Yong-zeng, LÜ Xin-gang, et al.Coastal upwelling in the East China Sea in winter[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research,2006,111(C11):148-237.
[15] JING Zhi-you, QI Yi-quang, HUA Zu-lin. Numerical study on upwelling and its seasonal variation along Fujian and Zhejiang coast[J].Journal of Hohai University,2007,35(4):464-470.
经志友,齐义泉,华祖林.闽浙沿岸上升流及其季节变化的数值研究[J].河海大学学报,2007,35(4):464-470.
[16] LUO Yi-yong. Numerical modeling of upwelling in coastal areas of the East China Sea[J]. Marine Science Bullentin,1991,10(6):1-6.
罗义勇.东海沿岸上升流的数值计算[J].海洋通报,1991,10(6):1-6.
[17] WANG Hui. Baroclinic model of circulation in the East China Sea and the South Yellow sea[J]. Acta Oceanologic Sinca,1995,17(2):21-26.
王辉.东海和南黄海冬季环流的斜压模式[J].海洋学报,1995,17(2):21-26.
[18] LORENZO E D. Seasonal dynamics of the surface circulation in the Southern California Current System [J]. Deep-Sea Research,2003,50(14-16):2 371-2 388.
[19] WARNER J C, SHERWOOD C R, ARANGO H G, et al. Perforamance of four turbulence closure models implemented using a generic length scale method [J]. Ocean Modeling,2005,8(1-2):81-113.
[20] WARNER J C, GEYER W R, LERCZAK J A. Numerical modeling of an estuary: A comprehensive skill assessment[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research,2005,110(C5):148-227.
[21] WILKIN J L, ARANGO H G, HAIDVOGEL D B, et al. A regional ocean modeling system for the Long-term Ecosystem Observatory[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research,2005,110(C6):1-13.
[22]SONG Yu-he, HAIDVOGEL D. A semi-implicit ocean circulation model using a generalized topography-following coordinate system[J]. Journal of Computational Physics,1994,115(1):228-244.
[23]SHCHEPETKIN A F, MCWILLIAMS J C. The Regional Oceanic Modeling System: A split-explicit, free-surface, topography following coordinates ocean model[J]. Ocean Modelling,2005,9(4):347-404.
[24] CHAPMAN D C. Numerical treatment of cross-shelf open boundaries in a barotropic coastal ocean model [J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography,1985,15(8):1 060-1 075.
[25] FLATHER R A, HEAPS N S. Tidal computation for Morecambe Bay[J]. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society,1975,42(2):489-517.
[26] GONG G C, WEN Y H, WANG B W, et al. Seasonal variation of chlorophyll a concentration, primary production and environmental conditions in the subtropical East China Sea[J]. Deep Sea Res,2003,50(2):1 219-1 236.
[27] WU Ri-sheng, LI Li. Summarization of study on upwelling system in the South China Sea[J].Journal of Ocanography in Taiwan Strait,2003,22(5):269-277.
吴日升,李立.南海上升流研究概述[J].台湾海峡,2003,22(5):269-277.
[28] ZHUANG Wei, WANG Dong-xiao, WU Ri-sheng, et al. Coastal upwelling off Eastern Fujian-Guangdong detected by remote sensing[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2005,29(3):438-443.
庄伟,王东晓,吴日升,等.2000年夏季福建、广东沿海上升流的遥感与船舶观测分析[J].大气科学,2005,29(3):438-443.
[29] BAI Tao, YANG De-zhou, YIN Bao-shu. Numerical study of upwelling of the Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent sea area in summer[J].Marine Sciences, 2009,33(11):65-72.
白涛,杨德周,尹宝树. 夏季长江口外海区域上升流现象的数值研究[J].海洋科学,2009,33(11):65-72.
[30] PAN Yu-ping, SHA Wen-yu. Numerical study on the coastal upwelling off Fujian and Zhejiang[J].Marine Forecasts,2004,21(2):86-95.
潘玉萍,沙文钰.闽浙沿岸上升流的数值模拟[J].海洋预报,2004,21(2):86-95.
[31] ZHU Jian-rong, XIAO Cheng-you, SHEN Huan-ting. Numerical model simulation of expansion of Changjiang diluted water in summer[J]. Acta Oceanologic Sinca,1998,20(5):13-22.
朱建荣,肖成猷,沈焕庭.夏季长江冲淡水扩展的数值模拟[J].海洋学报,1998,20(5):13-22.
[32] LÜ Xin-gang, QIAO Fang-li, XIA Chang-shui, et al. Upwelling off Yangtze River eatuary in summer[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2006,111(11):C11S08.
[33] LUO Yi-yong, YU Guang-yao, HUANG Zu-ke. Numerical studies of upwelling in coastal areas of the East China Sea I—the tide induced upwelling[J]. Acta Oceanol Sin,1998,17(1):15-25.