为了解饥饿及过量投喂对银鲳幼鱼体重、肥满度、比肝重及体成分的影响,对平均体重2.61±0.65 g的幼鱼进行了饥饿与分组投喂实验。分别测定了正常投喂组(C组)、饥饿5 d(S5组)、饥饿9 d(S9组)以及过量投喂组(D组)幼鱼的形体参数、肥满度、比肝重及鱼体基本营养成分。结果表明:(1) 与C组相比,D组各项指标均有显著性增加(p＜0.05),增重率为(73.89±9.78)%,是正常组的1倍多,比肝重和肥满度分别增加了55.00%和25.10%;(2) 饥饿胁迫下幼鱼的比肝重和肥满度显著性下降(p<0.05),饥饿5 d和9 d后,比肝重分别下降了8.75%和11.25%,肥满度分别减小了21.18%和32.16%;(3) 饥饿银鲳幼鱼以粗脂肪损失幅度最大,饥饿5 d和9 d时分别为正常组的22.55%和18.10%,与此同时,粗蛋白仅损失了4.06%和4.90%,说明饥饿银鲳幼鱼以脂肪供能为主,蛋白质和糖类供能为辅;(4) 饥饿致死幼鱼的肥满度在不同体长组间无显著性差异(p>0.05),但体重损失率受体长影响,2.20~2.80 cm组的体重损失率为22.89%,体长2.80~3.40 cm以后上升为35.79%~40.28%,肥满度则随体长增加大致呈下降趋势,体长与幼鱼的耐饥能力呈正相关。
Abstract
In order to explore the influence on body weight, relative fatness, hepatosomatic index and body composition under starvation and excessive feeding for juvenile Pampus argenteus, the juveniles (2.61±0.65 g) were fed by starvation and experimental groups. The physical parameters of juveniles, relative fatness, hepatosomatic index and fish essential nutrients were investigated under the conditions of normal feeding group (C), hunger 5 days (S5), starvation 9 days (S9) and the excess feeding group (D). The results are as follows: (1) Compared with the normal feeding group, all indexes of the D group are significantly increased (p<0.05), and weight gain rates (73.89±9.78)% are two times more than those in the normal group, the hepatosomatic index and relative fatness are increased 55.00% and 25.10% respectively. (2) The hepotosomatic index and relative fatness are significantly decreased under starvation stress (p<0.05). After starvation of 5 days and 9 days, the hepotosomatic indexes decreased by 8.75% and 11.25%, and the relative fatness is decreased by 21.18% and 32.16%. (3) Crude fat of starvation juvenile P. argenteus has maximum loss, and it is only 22.10% and 18.10% of the normal group respectively after starvation of 5 days and 9 days. In the meantime, the crude protein losses are only 4.06% and 4.90%. It may explain that starvation juvenile P. argenteus use the fat as the main energy, and the protein and carbohydrates as the subsidiary energy. (4) In the death group resulting from starvation, the relative fatness is no significant difference (p>0.05) in different body length groups, but the rates of weight loss are affected by body length. The loss rates are 22.89% in 2.20~2.80 cm group and increased to 35.79%~40.28% in 2.80~3.40 cm group. The relative fatness is substantially decreased with body length increasing. Body length and hunger resistance ability of juvenile P. argenteus are positively correlated.
关键词
银鲳 /
饥饿 /
肥满度 /
比肝重 /
体成分
Key words
Pampus argenteus /
starvation /
relative fatness /
hepotosomatic index /
body composition
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基金
宁波市科技重大专项项目资助(2015C110003)
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