采用实验生态学方法,研究了不同起始密度下悬浮清洁疏浚物对中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum和赤潮异弯藻Heterosigma akashiwo生长的影响。研究结果表明,在实验室单培养条件下,清洁疏浚物培养液中,起始密度不同,微藻生长状况明显不同。起始密度为0.2×104 cells·mL-1时,进入指数生长期和静止期的时间延长,但生长所达到的最大细胞密度较高;起始密度为0.8×104 cells·mL-1时,进入指数生长期和静止期的时间缩短,但生长所达到的种群最大密度较低。混合培养条件下,清洁疏浚物培养液中,起始密度不同,导致了微藻种间竞争关系的变化,中肋骨条藻与赤潮异弯藻具有明显的种间竞争,赤潮异弯藻是竞争的优胜者,中肋骨条藻受到赤潮异弯藻的抑制,整个实验周期内细胞密度下降都非常明显,细胞密度明显低于单培养时的细胞密度,而赤潮异弯藻细胞密度并没有明显的减少。在3种不同质量浓度组清洁疏浚物培养液中,质量浓度最高的1 000 mg·L-1培养液中藻细胞密度显著低于100 和500 mg·L-1质量浓度组,而100 mg·L-1培养液中藻细胞密度最高,说明清洁疏浚物质量浓度越高,对海洋微藻抑制影响越为明显,质量浓度越低,影响越小。
Abstract
The effects of cleaning dredged materials on the growth of two marine microalgae species with different initial cell density:Skeletonema costatum and Heterosigma akashiwo, were investigated by using the measures of experimental ecology. The results show that at the unialgal culture medium of cleaning dredged materials in laboratory, the different initial cell density has apparent effects on the growth of microalgae. At the initial cell density of 0.2×104 cells·mL-1, the time of entering exponential phase and stationary phase can be extended, and reaching the maximum cell density is higher; at the initial cell density of 0.8×104 cells·mL-1, the time of entering exponential phase and stationary phase could be shortened, and reaching the maximum cell density is reduced. For the mixed cleaning dredged materials culture medium, the different initial cell density has apparent effects on the relation of interspecific competition between two species of microalgae. There is obvious interspecific competition between S. costatum and H. akashiwo. H. akashiwo has predominance in this competition, and S. costatum suffers from H. Akashiwo inhibition, within the entire experimental period, cell density reduces very significantly and is lower than that in the unialgal culture, while H. akashiwo cell density is not significantly reduced. Among these three different medium concentrations of cleaning dredged materials, the cell density in the highest culture medium concentrations of 1 000 mg·L-1 is significantly lower than those in 100 mg·L-1 and 500 mg·L-1 culture medium, and the cell density is the highest in 100 mg·L-1 culture medium. This indicates that the greater of clean dredged materials concentrations, the greater effects on the growth of microalgae, while the lower of clean dredged materials concentrations, the smaller effects on the growth of microalgae.
关键词
清洁疏浚物 /
种间竞争 /
起始密度 /
中肋骨条藻 /
赤潮异弯藻
Key words
cleaning dredged materials /
interspecific competition /
initial cell density /
Skeletonema costatum /
Heterosigma akashiwo
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] The Office for the London Dumping Convention. Specific guidelines for the assessment of dredged material[M]. London: The Office for the London Dumping Convention,2001:1-18.
[2] State Oceanic Administration. Marine dumping classification and assessment procedure for dredged material[S].Beijing: State Oceanic Administration,2002.
国家海洋局.疏浚物海洋倾倒分类和评价程序[S].北京:国家海洋局,2002.
[3] State Oceanic Administration.Bulletin of marine environmental quality of China,2010[R]. Beijing: State Oceanic Administration,2011.
国家海洋局.2010年中国海洋环境质量公报[R].北京:国家海洋局,2011.
[4] State Oceanic Administration. Bulletin of marine environmental quality of China,2011[R]. Beijing: State Oceanic Administration,2012.
国家海洋局.2011年中国海洋环境质量公报[R].北京:国家海洋局,2012.
[5] State Oceanic Administration. Bulletin of marine environmental quality of China,2012[R]. Beijing: State Oceanic Administration,2013.
国家海洋局.2012年中国海洋环境质量公报[R].北京:国家海洋局,2013.
[6] State Oceanic Administration. Bulletin of marine environmental quality of China,2013[R]. Beijing: State Oceanic Administration,2014.
国家海洋局.2013年中国海洋环境质量公报[R].北京:国家海洋局,2014.
[7] State Oceanic Administration. Bulletin of marine environmental quality of China,2014[R]. Beijing: State Oceanic Administration,2015.
国家海洋局.2014年中国海洋环境质量公报[R].北京:国家海洋局,2015.
[8] KE Li-na, WANG Quan-ming, ZHOU Hui-cheng. Assessment model of seawater environment quality based on variable fuzzy set theory [J].Resources Science,2012,34(4):734-739.
柯丽娜,王权明,周惠成.基于可变模糊集的海洋水质环境综合评价模型——以青岛疏浚物海洋倾倒区为例[J].资源科学,2012,34(4):734-739.
[9] HE Gui-fang, XIE Jian, TIAN Hai-tao, et al. Explore the ocean dredged mud road of comprehensive utilization of industrial[J].Ocean Development and Management,2008,25(9):60-62.
何桂芳,谢健,田海涛,等.海洋疏浚泥综合利用产业化道路的探索[J].海洋开发与管理,2008,25(9):60-62.
[10] LI Guang-mei. Study on the marine on environment impact of dredged materials disposal sites in the estuary of Daya Bay[D].Qingdao: Ocean University of China,2004.
黎广媚.疏浚泥海洋倾倒对大亚湾口海域环境影响的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2004.
[11] CAI Wei-xu. Environmental impact and recovery at the marine dumping site for long-term dumping dredged material in the southeast of the Neilingding Island, Zhujiang estuary[D]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China,2006.
蔡伟叙.琉浚物的长期倾倒对珠江口内伶仃岛东南倾倒区的环境影响研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006.
[12] STRONKHORST J, ARIESE F, VAN H B, et al.Environmental impact and recovery at two dumping sites for dredged material in the North Sea[J].Environmental Pollution,2003,124(1):17-31.
[13] ROBERTS R D,FORREST B M.Minimal impact from longterm dredge spoil disposal at a dispersive site in Tasman Bay, New Zealand[J].Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research,2007,33(4):623-633.
[14] POWILLEIT M, GRAF G, KLEINE J, et al. Experiments on the survival of six brackish macro-invertebratesfrom the Baltic Sea after dredged spoilcoverage and its implications for thefield[J].Journal of MarineSystems,2009,75(3-4):441-451.
[15] JAMES A B, NANCY J M, ALLAN Y,et al.Long-term benthic infaunal monitoring at a deep-ocean dredged materials disposal site off Northern California[J]. Deep Sea Research Part II:Topical Studies in Oceanography,2009,56(19-20):1 775-1 803.
[16] State Oceanic Administration. People's Republic of China ocean dumping regulations implementation measures[S]. Beijing: State Oceanic Administration,1990.
国家海洋局.中华人民共和国海洋倾废管理条例实施办法[S].北京:国家海洋局,1990.
[17] State Oceanic Administration. Ocean dumping of dredged materials biology test technical regulations[S]. Beijing: State Oceanic Administration,2002.
国家海洋局.疏浚物海洋倾倒生物学检验技术规程[S].北京:国家海洋局,2002.
[18] NAYAR S, GOH B P L, CHOU L M.Environmental impact of heavy metals from dredged and resuspended sediments on phytoplankton and bacteria assessed in situ mesocosms[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2004,59(3):349-369.
[19] NAYAR S, GOH B P L, CHOU L M. Dynamics in the size structure of Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve under conditions of reduced photosynthetically available radiation in a dredged tropical estuary[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2005,318(2):163-182.
[20] WETZEL M A, WAHRENDORF D S, VONDEROHE P C.Sediment pollution in the Elbe estuary and its potential toxicity at different trophic levels[J].Science of the Total Environment,2013,449(1):199-207.
[21] ZOU Jing-zhong, DONG Li-ping. Skeletonema costatum physiological and ecological characteristicsresearch [C]//China offshore red tide biological research.Beijing:China Ocean Press,1989.
邹景忠,董丽萍.中肋骨条藻生理生态特性研究[C]//中国近海赤潮生物研究——赤潮研究学术讨论会论文集.北京:海洋出版社,1989.
[22] ZOU Jing-zhong, DONG Li-ping. Bohai Bay red tide species succession and proliferation competition [C]//China offshore red tide biological research.Beijing:China Ocean Press,1989.
邹景忠,董丽萍.渤海湾赤潮生物种类演替及其增殖竞争[C]//中国近海赤潮生物研究——赤潮研究学术讨论会论文集.北京:海洋出版社,1989.
[23] GAO Li-jie, CHEN Ping, GAO Jun-hai. Research process for Heterosigma akashiwo[J]. Science and Technology Information, 2010,30:225-226.
高丽洁,陈萍,高俊海.赤潮异弯藻研究进展[J].科技资讯,2010,30:225-226.
[24] GUILLARD R R L, RYTHER J H.Studies of marine planktonic diatoms:I.Cyclotellanana Hustedt,and Detonulaconfervacea(cleve)Gran[J].Canadian Journal of Microbiology,1962,8(2):229-239.
[25] GB/T 17378.5-2007 The specification for marine monitoring part 5: sediment analysis[S].2007.
GB/T 17378.5-2007海洋监测规范[S].2007.
[26] GAI Guang-sheng, YANG Sui-hua, LIU Tao, et al. Compilation of marine environmental protection legislation[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press, 2004:427-428.
盖广生,杨绥华,刘涛,等.海洋环境保护法规文件汇编[M].北京:海洋出版社,2004:427-428.
[27] SHENG Guo-ying, SHI Bing-zhang. Marine ecology[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2002.
沈国英,施并章.海洋生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[28] CAI Heng-jiang, TANG Xue-xi, ZHANG Pei-yu, et al. Effects of initial density on the population growth of three species of red tide microalgae[J].Marine Environment Science,2005,24(3):37-39.
蔡恒江,唐学玺,张培玉,等.不同起始密度对3种赤潮微藻种群增长的影响[J].海洋环境科学,2005,24(3):37-39.
[29] WEI Jie, ZHAO Wen, YANG Wei-dong, et al. Effects of initial biomass ratio on the interspecific competition outcome between three marine microalgae species[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(4):1 124-1 132.
魏杰,赵文,杨为东,等.起始生物量比对3种海洋微藻种间竞争的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(4):1 124-1 132.
[30] PHAM T N N, HUISMAN J, SOMMEIJER B P. Simulation of three-dimensional phytoplankton dynamics: competition inlight-limited enviroments[J]. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics,2005,174(1):57-77.
[31] CHEN Ye, FENG Jing, YAN Xiao-jun. Study on interaction among three speciesof red tide algae[J]. Journal of Ningbo University:NSEE,2007,20(3):311-314.
陈烨,冯婧,严小军.3种常见赤潮藻间相互作用的研究[J].宁波大学学报:理工版,2007,20(3):311-314.
[32] LAMPERT W, SOMMER U. Limnoecology: The ecology of lakes and streams[M].New York:Oxford University Press,2007:89-147.
[33] INDER J I T, DAKSHINI K M M. Algal allelopathy[J].Botanical Reviews,1994,60(2):182-196.
[34] ANDERSON D M, KULIS D M, QI Y Z, et al. Paralytic shellfish poisoning in Southern China[J].Toxicon,1996,34(5):579-590.
[35] YAN Tian, ZHOU Ming-Jiang, FU Meng,et al. The preliminary study on toxicity of Heterosigma akashiwoand thetoxicitysource[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2003,34(1):50-55.
颜天,周名江,傅萌,等.赤潮异弯藻毒性及毒性来源的初步研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2003,34(1):50-55.
[36] YOU Xi-hua,WANG Zong-ling,SHI Xiao-yong,et al. Advances in the studies of phytoplankton interspecific competition[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2007(4):161-166.
由希华,王宗灵,石晓勇,等.浮游植物种间竞争研究进展[J].海洋湖沼通报,2007(4):161-166.
[37] ZHANG Zhi-zhong, XU Zhi-gang. Suspended sediments and its transport in the area of Changjiang River estuary[J]. Marine Science,1983(5):6-11.
张志忠,徐志刚.长江口悬沙及其运移[J].海洋科学,1983(5):6-11.
基金
2012年中央分成海域使用金支出项目资助(环保类,国海办字(2013)551号);农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室项目资助(2013K05);2013年国家海洋局东海分局青年科技基金项目资助(201324)
PDF(1127 KB)
