海洋学研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 86-96.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2019.03.011

• 研究报道 • 上一篇    

2015年春季南海北部陆架海域网采浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子关系

粟丽1,2, 陈作志*1,2,3, 黄梓荣1,2, 许友伟1,2   

  1. 1.中国水产科学研究院 南海水产研究所,广东 广州 510300;
    2.农业农村部 南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东 广州 510300;
    3.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室,广东 广州 511458
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-07 修回日期:2019-08-18 出版日期:2019-09-15 发布日期:2022-11-14
  • 通讯作者: *陈作志(1978-),男,研究员,主要从事海洋渔业资源和资源生态研究。E-mail:zzchen2000@163.com
  • 作者简介:栗丽(1985-),女,湖南怀化市人,主要从事海洋浮游植物及渔业资源生态方面的研究。E-mail:suli@scsfri.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    农业财政专项项目资助;中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2019TS22);南方海洋科学与工程广东实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0605)

Net-collected phytoplankton community structure in relation to environmental factors in the continental shelf of the northern South China Sea in spring 2015

SU Li1,2, CHEN Zuo-zhi*1,2,3, HUANG Zi-rong1,2, XU You-wei1,2   

  1. 1. South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Open-Sea Fishery Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510300, China;
    3. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
  • Received:2019-01-07 Revised:2019-08-18 Online:2019-09-15 Published:2022-11-14

PDF

48

摘要： 根据2015年春季南海北部陆架海域的调查数据,分析了网采浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果显示:共鉴定出浮游植物4门378种(含变种与变型),其中硅藻门209种,甲藻门157种,蓝藻门9种,着色鞭毛藻门3种。该海区的主要优势种有翼鼻状藻Proboscia alata、翼鼻状藻纤细变型Proboscia alata f. gracillima、佛氏海毛藻Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii、尖刺拟菱形藻Pseudo-nitzschia pungens、短角弯角藻Eucompia zoodiacus和洛氏角毛藻Chaetoceros lorenzianus等,各断面优势种差异较大,仅佛氏海毛藻在4个断面成为优势种。浮游植物丰度范围为(0.63~1 430.04)×104个/m3,平均为76.20×104个/m3,丰度较高的站点主要集中在湛江断面D近岸站位和汕头断面H。春季南海北部浮游植物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为1.06~5.56,均值为3.99。冗余分析显示,影响南海北部陆架海域浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子为水温、盐度和活性磷酸盐。南海北部陆架海域浮游植物基本呈现近岸高离岸低的分布特点,水温和盐度是影响其分布的主要环境因子。

关键词: 浮游植物, 环境因子, 南海北部

Abstract: The northern South China Sea, located in tropical and subtropical areas,is one of the important fishing grounds along the coast of China and has abundant fishery resources. Phytoplankton are the basic link in the marine food chain, change in their community structure will directly or indirectly influence fishery resources. According to the survey data in May 2015, the structure characteristics of phytoplankton community and its relationship with environmental factors were analyzed. The results showed that a total of 378 species (excluding the unidentified species) belonging to 4 phyla were identified, including 209 species of diatoms, 157 species of dinoflagellate, 9 species of cyanobacteria and 3 species of chromophyte. The dominant species were Proboscia alata,Proboscia alata f. gracillima,Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii,Pseudo-nitzschia pungens,Eucompia zoodiacus and Chaetoceros lorenzianus.The dominant species differed obviously among sections, only Thalassiothrixfrauenfeldii was dominant along four sections. The phytoplankton abundance ranged from 0.63×104 cells/m3 to 1 430.04×104 cells/m3, with an average of 76.20×104 cells/m3. Diatoms were overwhelmingly dominant in phytoplankton community, which abundance ranged from 0.3×104 cells/m3 to 1 420.39×104 cells/m3, with an average of 72.89×104 cells/m3, accounting for 95.66%. Dinoflagellate abundance ranged from 0.03×104 cells/m3 to 23.78×104 cells/m3, with an average of 2.71×104 cells/m3, accounting for 3.56%. Shantou section (H) had the highest abundance, with an average of 250.01×104 cells/m3, followed by Zhanjiang section (D), with an average of 99.48×104 cells/m3. The low abundances were found in the Pearl River Estuary (F), Shanwei (G) and Yangjiang (E) sections, with an average of 11.67×104 cells/m3, 10.61×104 cells/m3 and 9.23×104 cells/m3, respectively. High-abundance areas were mainly occurred at inshore stations in the Shantou (H) and Zhanjiang (D) sections. Overall, the phytoplankton Shannon-Wiener diversity index was high, ranged from 1.06 to 5.56,with an average of 3.99, indicating that the community structure of phytoplankton was relatively stable in the northern South China Sea in spring. Redundancy analysis showed that temperature, salinity and phosphate were the main environmental factors associated with the phytoplankton community structure in the northern South China Sea. Spearman's rank correlation analysis showed that abundances of phytoplankton, diatoms and dinoflagellates were negatively correlated with temperature. The results showed that the species composition, abundance distribution and dominant species composition of phytoplankton were different from section to section. Phytoplankton distribution was characterized by high nearshore and low offshore,and water temperature and salinity were the main environmental factors affecting its distribution in the continental shelf of the northern South China Sea in spring.

Key words: phytoplankton, environmental factors, northern South China Sea

中图分类号: