南海海域浮游植物叶绿素与海表温度季节变化特征分析

海洋学研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 41-48.

南海海域浮游植物叶绿素与海表温度季节变化特征分析

林丽茹², 赵辉^*1

1.国家海洋局南海海洋工程勘察与环境研究院, 广东广州 510300;
2.广东海洋大学广东省陆架及深远海气候、资源与环境重点实验室, 广东湛江 524088

收稿日期:2012-03-20 修回日期:2012-04-11 出版日期:2012-09-15 发布日期:2022-11-30
通讯作者: *赵辉, 副研究员, huizhao1978@163.com
作者简介:林丽茹(1980-), 女, 福建漳州市人, 硕士, 工程师, 主要从事海洋资源开发利用与保护工作。E-mail:llr_soa05@tom.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41006070, 41176028); 广东省自然科学基金资助项目(S2011010001001)

Analysis on the relations between Sea surface temperature and phytoplankton Chlorophyll-a in the South China Sea

LIN Li-ru¹, ZHAO Hui²

1. Key Laboratory of Continents-deep Sea Climate, Sources and Environments, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
2. The South China Sea Marine Engineering Survey and Environment Research Institute, SOA, Guangzhou 510300, China

Received:2012-03-20 Revised:2012-04-11 Online:2012-09-15 Published:2022-11-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用 Sea WiFS卫星遥感叶绿素质量浓度及TRMM微波遥感海表温度产品, 研究了南海海表叶绿素a的季节变化特征及其同海表温度的关系。研究结果表明, 南海叶绿素质量浓度具有很强的季节变化:通常低叶绿素质量浓度(<0.12 mg·m^-3)出现在弱风高海表温度(>28°C)的春、夏季节;高叶绿素质量浓度(>0.13 mg·m^-3)通常出现在有较强风速和较低海表温度(<27°C)的冬季。线性回归分析显示, 南海叶绿素质量浓度同海表温度呈显著负相关。尽管在南海南部、南海中部、南海西部及吕宋西北部4个代表子区域的显著性有所差异, 但都暗示温度变化所反映的垂向层化调控了营养盐质量浓度和浮游植物量变化。可见, 温度可能是影响海洋上层稳定程度及垂向交换强度的重要指标, 从而可能调控营养盐及浮游植物的变化。

关键词: 南海, 叶绿素质量浓度, 海表温度, 季节变化

Abstract: Based on the Sea WiFS derived chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) mass concentration and TRMM sea-surface temperature data from September 1997 to February 2007 from the South China Sea (SCS), seasonal variations of Chl-a and its relationship with sea surface temperature (SST) were studied. The results show that the Chl-a mass concentration of the SCS has remarkable seasonal variability. Generally the lowest phytoplankton biomass (<0. 12 mg·m^-3) occurs in spring or summer with low wind speed and high SST (>28 °C), while the highest Chl-a (>0. 16 mg·m^-3) occurs in winter with the strongest monsoon wind and low SST (<27 °C). The linear regression analysis shows that Chl-a mass concentration has obvious negative correlations with SST. Though the correlations level is different for the 4 typical sub regions of the south, central, and west SCS and the northwest of the Luzon Strait, the consistent negative correlations imply that the Chl-a mass concentration and phytoplankton biomass are controlled by vertical stratification reflected by the temperature variation. The SST is a key factor influencing the upper ocean stability and the strength of vertical exchanges, and thus controlling the variations of nutrients and phytoplankton.

Key words: South China Sea, Chlorophyll-a, sea surface temperature, seasonal variation

林丽茹, 赵辉. 南海海域浮游植物叶绿素与海表温度季节变化特征分析[J]. 海洋学研究, 2012, 30(3): 41-48.

LIN Li-ru, ZHAO Hui. Analysis on the relations between Sea surface temperature and phytoplankton Chlorophyll-a in the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2012, 30(3): 41-48.

参考文献

[1] YANG Hai-jun, LIU Qin-yu.A summary on ocean circulation study of the South China sea[J]. Advance in Earth Sciences, 1998, 13(4) :365-368.
杨海军, 刘秦玉.南海海洋环流研究综述[J].地球科学进展, 1998, 13(4) :365-368.
[2] LIU T, XIE Xiao su. Space based observations of the seasonal changes of South Asian monsoons and oceanic response[J]. Geo-phys Res Letters, 1999, 26:1 473-1 476.
[3] WYRTKI K.Physical oceanography of the south-east Asian waters[C]//W YRTKI K. Scientific results of marine investigations of the South China Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. La Jolla, CA: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 1961:1-195.
[4] PAN Jia-yi, YAN Xiao-hai, ZHENG Quan-an., et al. Interpretation of scatterometer ocean surface wind vector EOFs over the northwestern Pacific[J]. Remote Sens Environ, 2002, 84:53-57.
[5] AN N T, DU H T.Studies on phytoplankton pigment : Chloro-phyll, total carotenoids and degradation products in Vietnamese waters (The South China Sea, Area IV )[C]//Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center. Proceedings of the SEAFDEC seminar on fishery resources in the South China Sea, area IV: Vietnamese water. Bangkok: Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, 2000:1-18.
[6] XIE Shang-ping, XIE Qing, WANG Dong-xiao, et al.Summer upwelling in the South China Sea and its role in regional climate variations[J]. J Geophys Res, 2003, 108(C8): 3261, doi: 10.1029/2003JC001867.
[7] TANG Dan-ling, KAWAMURA H, DIEN T V, et al.Offshore phytoplankton biomass increase and its oceanographic causes in the South China Sea[J]. Mar Ecol Prog Ser, 2004 , 268:31-41.
[8] TANG Dan-ling, KAWAMURA H, DOAN-NHU H.et al.Remote sensing oceanography of a harmful algal bloom off the coast of southeastern Vietnam[J]. J Geophys Res, 2004, 109 : C03014, doi: 10.1029/2003JC002045.
[9] BEHRENFELD M J, O'MALLEY R T, SIEGELD A, et al. Cli-mate-driven trends in contemporary ocean productivity[J]. Nature, 2006, 444(7120) :752-755, doi: 1038/nature05317.
[10] HUNG T C, TSAI C, WU S H, et al.Study on biomass and primary productivity along the southwestern coast of Taiwan[J]. Acta Oceanogr Taiwanica, 1984, 16:8-26.
[11] AGAWIN N S R, DUARTE C, AGUSTI S, et al. Abundance, biomass and growth rates of Synechococcus sp. in a tropical coastal ecosystem ( Philippines, South China Sea)[J]. Est Coast Shelf Sci, 2003 , 56: 493-502.
[12] CHEN LEE Yuh-ling, CHEN Houng yung, Karl D M. Nitro-gen modulates phytoplankton growth in spring in the South China Sea[J]. Cont Shelf Res, 2004, 24:527-541.
[13] TANG Dan-ling, NI I-hsun, KESTER DR, et al.Remote sensing observations of winter phytoplankton blooms southwest of the Luzon Strait in the South China Sea[J]. Mar Ecol Prog Ser, 1999, 191:43-51.
[14] PENAFLOR E, VILLANOY C, LIU Cho-teng, et al.Detection of monsoonal phytoplankton blooms in Luzon Strait with MODIS data[J]. Remote Sens Environ, 2007, 109(4):443-450, doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2007. 01.019.
[15] TANG Dan-ling, NI I-hsun, MÜLLER-KARGER F et al. Analysis of annual and spatial patterns of CZCS Derived pigment concentrations on the continental shelf of China[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1998, 18:1 493-1 515.
[16] TANG Dan-ling., KAWAMURA H, LEE Ming-an, et al.Sea-sonal and spatial distribution of Chlorophyll a and water conditions in the Gulf of Tonkin, South China Sea[J]. Remote Sens Environ, 2003, 85(4) :475-483.
[17] LIU Kon-kee, CHAO Shenn-yu, SHAW Ping Tung, et al.Monsoon forced chlorophyll distribution and primary production n the South China Sea: Observations and a numerical study[J]. Deep-Sea Res I, 2002, 49:1 387-1 412.
[18] LIN I I, LIU W T, WU C C, et al.New evidence for enhanced ocean primary production triggered by tropical cyclone[J]. Geo-phys Res Lett, 2003, 30(13): 1 718, doi: 10.1029/2003GL017141.
[19] VO S T.The hermatypic scleractinia of South Vietnam[C]// MORTON B. The marine biology of the South China Sea II: Proceedings of the third international conference on the marine biology of the South China Sea, Hong Kong, 1996. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 1998:11-21.
[20] WENTZ F J, GENTEMANN C, SMITH D, et al.Satellite measurements of sea surface temperature through clouds[J]. Sciences, 2000, 288(5467) :847-850.
[21] TANG Dan-ling, NI I-Hsun, KESTER D R.et al.Remote sensing observations of winter phytoplankton blooms southwest of the Luzon Strait in the South China Sea[J]. Mar Ecol Prog Ser, 1999, 191:43-51.
[22] WANG Jiu-juan, TANG Dan-ling, SUN Yi.Winter phytoplankton bloom induced by subsurface upwelling and mixed layer entrainment southwest of Luzon Strait[J]. J Mar Syst, 2010, 83: 141-149.
[23] TANG Dan-ling, KESTER D-R, NI I-Hsun et al. Upwelling in the Taiwan Strait during the summer monsoon detected by satellite and shipboard measurements[J]. Remote Sens Environ, 2002, 83(3) :457-471.
[24] SHI Ping, DU Yan, WANG Dong-xiao, et al.Annual cycle of mixed layer in South China Sea[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanog-raphy, 2001 , 20(1):10-17.
施平, 杜岩, 王东晓, 等.南海混合层年循环特征[J].热带海洋学报, 2001, 20(1):10-17.
[25] CAI Rong-shuo, CHEN Ji-long, TAN Hong-jian.Variations of the sea surface temperature in the offshore area of China and their relationship with the East Asian monsoon under the global warming[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2011, 16(01):94-104.
蔡榕硕, 陈际龙, 谭红建.全球变暖背景下中国近海表层海温变异及其与东亚季风的关系[J].气候与环境研究, 2011, 16(01):94-104.
[26] BEHRENFELD M, FALKOWSKI P.Photosynthetic rates de-rived from satellite based chlorophyll concentration[J]. Limnol Oceanogr, 1997 , 42(1) :1-20.