海洋学研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 80-88.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2021.02.009

• • 上一篇    

2016—2019年长江口海域季节性低氧对大型底栖动物群落的影响

贾海波，柴小平*，黄备   

  1. 浙江省海洋生态环境监测中心，浙江 舟山 316004
  • 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-06-15
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1401603);浙江省生态环境厅课题(2019A001)

Effect of seasonal hypoxia on macrobenthic communities in the Yangtze Estuary from 2016 to 2019

JIA Haibo, CHAI Xiaoping*, HUANG Bei   

  1. Zhejiang Marine Ecology and Environment Monitoring Center, Zhoushan 316004, China
  • Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-06-15

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摘要： 基于2016—2019年夏季在长江口海域进行的4个航次的生态环境调查，分析了长江口海域季节性低氧对大型底栖动物群落结构的影响。结果表明，2016—2019年长江口海域夏季底层DO最低值为1.51 mg/L，存在不同程度的底层低氧现象。低氧区与非低氧区之间大型底栖动物的种类数量、丰度、生物量和群落结构均存在显著差异。多毛类表现出对低氧较强的耐受能力，为低氧区的主要优势类群，中蚓虫(Mediomastus sp.)、索沙蚕(Lumbrinereis sp.)为低氧区的主要优势种。软体动物、甲壳动物和棘皮动物的分布趋势则与多毛类相反，其中甲壳动物对低氧的耐受能力较弱。MDS多维尺度排序表明，低氧区与非低氧区之间大型底栖动物的群落组成差异明显；CCA分析表明，长江口海域夏季底层低氧已对大型底栖动物的群落结构产生一定程度的影响。

关键词: 大型底栖动物, 群落结构, 长江口, 低氧, 生态效应

Abstract: To better understand the effects of seasonal hypoxia on macrobenthic communities in Yangtze Estuary, 4 surveys were carried out during summer from 2016 to 2019. Results showed that the lowest bottom-water dissolved oxygen (DO) was 1.51 mg/L, and the bottom-water hypoxia appeared in the Yangtze Estuary in summer from 2016 to 2019. There were significant differences in the species number, abundance, biomass and community structure of macrobenthos between hypoxic zone and non-hypoxic zone. Polychaetes showed greater tolerance to hypoxia，and were the dominant group in hypoxic zone. Mediomastus sp. and Lumbrinereis sp. were the main dominant species in hypoxic zone. Mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms showed the opposite trend to polychaetes, and crustaceans showed poor tolerance to hypoxia. Based on the MDS analysis, the community composition of macrobenthos between hypoxic zone and non-hypoxic zone was significantly different. CCA analysis showed that community structure of macrobenthos was influenced by the bottom-water hypoxia in Yangtze Estuary during summer.

Key words: macrobenthos, community structure, Yangtze Estuary, hypoxia, ecological effect

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