内孤立波速度-高斯函数模型构建与评估

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.02.005

海洋学研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 55-61.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.02.005

内孤立波速度-高斯函数模型构建与评估

金晨昕¹, 崔子健¹, 梁楚进¹^,²^,^*, 蔺飞龙², 陈振涛³

1.浙江大学海洋学院,浙江舟山 316021
2.自然资源部第二海洋研究所卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江杭州 310012
3.国防科技大学气象海洋学院,湖南长沙 410073

收稿日期:2022-04-17 修回日期:2023-10-09 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2024-08-09
通讯作者: 梁楚进
作者简介:*梁楚进(1966—),男,研究员,主要从事海洋内孤立波及深海动力过程研究,E-mail: cjliang@sio.org.cn。
金晨昕(1997—),女,浙江省温州市人,主要从事海洋内孤立波方面的研究,E-mail: 18518077904@163.com。
基金资助:
自然资源部全球变化与海气相互作用(二期)项目(GASI-04-WLHY-030)

Establishment and evaluation of a Velocity-Gaussian Function Model for internal solitary waves

JIN Chenxin¹, CUI Zijian¹, LIANG Chujin¹^,²^,^*, LIN Feilong², CHEN Zhentao³

1. Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China
3. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Received:2022-04-17 Revised:2023-10-09 Online:2024-06-15 Published:2024-08-09
Contact: LIANG Chujin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

内孤立波一维理论模型已广泛应用在内孤立波的预警预报中,但一方面由于理论模型在计算波函数时高度依赖温、盐数据,需要搭载全水深温、盐观测仪器,经济成本较高;另一方面,理论模型对复杂流场环境的预警预报误差较大,如计算的内孤立波的非线性相速度以及波函数的准确度偏低。本文提出一种速度-高斯函数模型,它根据南海某单个潜标的上层海水实测流速反向推演得到内孤立波的振幅和波函数,再进一步结合一维理论模型计算波致流和非线性相速度等关键参数。对比实测数据与速度-高斯函数模型结果,发现该模型可仅通过海洋上层150 m实测流速实现对全水深波致流的模拟,并且模拟的非线性相速度与实测值相比,误差控制在10%以内。应用速度-高斯函数模型可在复杂的南海实现对内孤立波的准确预警预报,同时无需潜标搭载温、盐观测仪器,大大降低了内孤立波观测成本。

关键词: 内孤立波, 速度-高斯函数模型, 锚系观测

Abstract:

The one-dimensional theoretical model of internal solitary waves has been widely used in their prediction. However, on one hand, these theoretical models usually rely heavily on temperature and salinity data when calculating wave functions, which requires the use of moorings equipped with temperature and salinity observation instruments, resulting in high observation costs. On the other hand, they tend to have large prediction errors in complex current environments, such as lower accuracy in calculating the nonlinear phase speed and wave function of internal solitary waves. In this study, a Velocity-Gaussian Function Model was proposed, which reversed the amplitude and wave function of internal solitary waves based on the measured current velocity of the upper layer of the South China Sea from a single mooring. Furthermore, key parameters such as wave-induced current and nonlinear phase speed of internal solitary waves were calculated using a one-dimensional theoretical model. By comparing the measured data from the moorings with the results calculated by the Velocity-Gaussian Function Model, it was found that the model can simulate the wave-induced current throughout the entire water depth by inputting only the measured current velocity from the upper 150 meters of the ocean. Additionally, the error in the nonlinear phase speed can be controlled within 10% compared to the measured value. The application of the Velocity-Gaussian Function Model enables accurate prediction of internal solitary waves in the complex South China Sea, without the need for moorings equipped with temperature and salinity observation instruments, thus significantly reducing the cost of internal solitary wave observation.

Key words: internal solitary wave, Velocity-Gaussian Function Model, mooring observation

中图分类号:

P731.24

金晨昕, 崔子健, 梁楚进, 蔺飞龙, 陈振涛. 内孤立波速度-高斯函数模型构建与评估[J]. 海洋学研究, 2024, 42(2): 55-61.

JIN Chenxin, CUI Zijian, LIANG Chujin, LIN Feilong, CHEN Zhentao. Establishment and evaluation of a Velocity-Gaussian Function Model for internal solitary waves[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2024, 42(2): 55-61.

图/表 7

图1 潜标站位(Q)和锚碇浮标站位(F1、F2)分布图

Fig.1 Distribution map of submersible buoy stations (Q) and anchored buoy stations (F1, F2)

图2 c1和Dmean随参数i、 j变化示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of c1 and Dmean changing with parameters i and j

图3 浮力频率剖面(a),根据浮力频率剖面计算的波函数(b)以及速度-高斯函数模型输出的波函数(c)示意图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of the buoyancy frequency profile (a), the wave function calculated based on the buoyancy frequency profile (b) and the wave function output by the Velocity-Gaussian Function Model (c)

图4 潜标实测全水深水平、垂向波致流剖面(a,c)和速度-高斯函数模型输出的全水深水平、垂向波致流剖面(b,d) (红线显示了ADCP记录的260 m处的内孤立波振幅,黑线显示了速度-高斯函数模型输出的全水深振幅。)

Fig.4 The measured horizontal and vertical wave-induced flow profile of the entire water depth measured by the submersible mark(a,c), horizontal and vertical wave-induced flow profile output by the Velocity-Gaussian Function Model in the entire water depth(b,d) (The red line shows the amplitude of the internal solitary wave at 260 m recorded by the ADCP, while the black line corresponds to the full-water-depth amplitude output by the Velocity-Gaussian Function Model.)

图5 潜标实测350 m以上水深水平、垂向波致流剖面(a,c)和速度-高斯函数模型输出的全水深水平、垂向波致流剖面(b,d) (红线显示了ADCP记录的260 m处的内孤立波振幅,黑线显示了速度-高斯函数模型输出的全水深振幅。)

Fig.5 The horizontal and vertical wave-induced flow profile measured above 350 m by the submersible mark (a,c), horizontal and vertical wave-induced flow profile output by the Velocity-Gaussian Function Model in the entire water depth(b,d) (The red line shows the amplitude of the internal solitary wave at 260 m recorded by the ADCP, while the black line corresponds to the full-water-depth amplitude output by theVelocity-Gaussian Function Model.)

图6 潜标实测150 m以上水深水平、垂向波致流剖面 (a,c)和速度-高斯函数模型输出的全水深水平、垂向波致流剖面 (b,d) (红线显示了ADCP记录的260 m处的内孤立波振幅,黑线显示了速度-高斯函数模型输出的全水深振幅。)

Fig.6 The horizontal and the vertical wave-induced flow profile measured above 150 m by the submersible mark (a,c), horizontal and vertical wave-induced flow profile output by the Velocity-Gaussian Function Model in the entire water depth (b,d) (The red line shows the amplitude of the internal solitary wave at 260 m recorded by the ADCP, while the black line corresponds to the full-water-depth amplitude output by the Velocity-Gaussian Function Model.)

表1 有限深度理论模型、速度-高斯函数模型计算的内孤立波非线性相速度与锚碇浮标实测值的对比

Tab.1 Comparison of the nonlinear phase velocity of internal solitary waves calculated by the finite depth theoretical model and the Velocity-Gaussian Function Model and measured by the anchored buoy

时间(内孤立波到达F2)		非线性相速度/(m·s^-1)
日期	时刻	根据有限深度理论计算	根据速度-高斯函数模型模拟	实测值
2021-06-25	22:19	2.97	2.46	2.42
2021-07-08	23:16	2.80	2.78	2.65
2021-07-09	22:58	2.88	2.76	2.66
2021-07-10	22:49	2.88	2.54	2.60
2021-07-11	23:49	2.96	2.96	2.83
2021-07-13	00:40	3.50	2.38	2.62

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内孤立波速度-高斯函数模型构建与评估

Establishment and evaluation of a Velocity-Gaussian Function Model for internal solitary waves

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