基于高、低潮位的西江感潮河段潮汐特征分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.02.009

海洋学研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 91-103.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2024.02.009

基于高、低潮位的西江感潮河段潮汐特征分析

武家兴¹^,²^,³, 彭棋³, 张卓¹^,²^,³^,^*, 陈欣颖¹^,²^,³, 陈鹏¹^,²^,³, 温亚娟¹^,²^,³, 王浩丞¹^,²^,³, 张璐¹^,²^,³

1.南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,江苏南京 210023
2.江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,江苏南京 210023
3.河海大学海岸灾害及防护教育部重点实验室,江苏南京 210023

收稿日期:2023-07-23 修回日期:2024-02-26 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2024-08-09
通讯作者: 张卓
作者简介:*张卓(1981—),男,副教授,主要从事河口海岸动力学研究,E-mail: Mercury1214@126.com。
武家兴(1996—),男,安徽省肥西县人,主要从事河口海岸动力学研究,E-mail: Wujx06@126.com。
基金资助:
海岸灾害及防护教育部重点实验室(河海大学)开放研究基金面上项目(202218);国家自然科学基金项目(42171465)

Analysis of the tidal characteristics along the tidal reach of Xijiang River based on high and low tide levels

WU Jiaxing¹^,²^,³, PENG Qi³, ZHANG Zhuo¹^,²^,³^,^*, CHEN Xinying¹^,²^,³, CHEN Peng¹^,²^,³, WEN Yajuan¹^,²^,³, WANG Haocheng¹^,²^,³, ZHANG Lu¹^,²^,³

1. Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, MOE, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023,China
2. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
3. Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Defence, MOE, Hohai University, Nanjing 210023, China

Received:2023-07-23 Revised:2024-02-26 Online:2024-06-15 Published:2024-08-09
Contact: ZHANG Zhuo

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过对高、低潮位数据插值和NS_TIDE模型应用,分析西江感潮河段(马口—大横琴)的潮汐特征。对比三种插值方法发现,相对于三次样条插值法和线性插值法,Hermite插值法对逐时潮位的模拟效果最佳。潮位验证结果显示NS_TIDE模型总体误差较低,异常值主要是源自台风和洪水的影响。西江感潮河段平均水位和分潮振幅存在洪、枯季差异,上游受径流的影响大于潮汐,下游则相反;径流量和潮差增大,促进上游河段平均水位增高,对分潮振幅和迟角的影响在不同河段表现不同,主要与其所处空间位置和分潮自身频率有关。

关键词: 高、低潮插值, 调和分析, 河流径流, 海洋潮汐

Abstract:

By interpolation of high and low tide data and application of NS_TIDE model, the tidal characteristics of the tidal reach of Xijiang River (Makou-Dahengqin) were analyzed. Compared with cubic spline interpolation and linear interpolation, it is found that Hermite interpolation is the best method to simulate the hourly tide level. The verification results of tide level show that the overall error of NS_TIDE model is low, and the outliers mainly come from the influence of typhoon and flood. The mean water level and the amplitude of tidal component in the tidal reach of Xijiang River are different in wet and dry season. The influence of runoff in the upper reaches is greater than that of the tides, and the opposite is true in the lower reaches. With the increase of runoff and tidal difference, the mean water level of the upper reaches increases, and the influence on the amplitude and the phase of tidal component is different in different section, which is related to the spatial location and the frequency of the tidal component.

Key words: high and low water interpolation, harmonic analysis, river discharge, ocean tides

中图分类号:

P731.23

武家兴, 彭棋, 张卓, 陈欣颖, 陈鹏, 温亚娟, 王浩丞, 张璐. 基于高、低潮位的西江感潮河段潮汐特征分析[J]. 海洋学研究, 2024, 42(2): 91-103.

WU Jiaxing, PENG Qi, ZHANG Zhuo, CHEN Xinying, CHEN Peng, WEN Yajuan, WANG Haocheng, ZHANG Lu. Analysis of the tidal characteristics along the tidal reach of Xijiang River based on high and low tide levels[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2024, 42(2): 91-103.

图/表 15

图1 研究区及测站

Fig.1 The study area and stations

图2 三种插值方法结果比较(2016年,马口站)

Fig.2 Result comparison of three interpolation methods (2016, Makou Station)

图3 Hermite插值潮位与HEC-RAS模拟潮位的对比 ( 2016年)

Fig.3 Comparison between Hermite interpolated tide levels and simulated tide levels of the HEC-RAS model in 2016

图4 2016—2017年西江感潮河段沿程测站潮位变化

Fig.4 Changes in tide levels at stations along the tidal reach of Xijiang River in 2016-2017

图5 调和分析边界条件

Fig.5 Boundary conditions for harmonic analysis

图6 西江感潮河段各测站潮位验证

Fig.6 Verification of tide level at each station along the tidal reach of Xijiang River

图7 2017年西江感潮河段各测站潮位预报误差

Fig.7 Forecast errors of tidal level of each station in the tidal reach of Xijiang River in 2017

图8 台风影响下灯笼山(a)和洪水影响下马口(b)的潮位预报误差(2017年)

Fig.8 Forecast error of tidal level at Denglongshan (a) under typhoon and Makou (b) under flood (2017)

图9 2016年西江感潮河段各站平均水位

Fig.9 Mean water level at each station along the tidal reach of Xijiang River in 2016

图10 西江感潮河段各站分潮振幅变化

Fig.10 Amplitude variation of the tide at each station along the tidal reach of Xijiang River

图11 西江感潮河段沿程各站分潮振幅洪、枯季变化

Fig.11 Changes of tidal amplitude in wet and dry seasons at each station along the tidal reach of Xijiang River

图12 西江感潮河段沿程各站分潮迟角变化

Fig.12 Changes of tidal phase at each station along the tidal reach of Xijiang River

图13 西江感潮河段沿程各站平均水位对径流(a)和潮差(b)的响应

Fig.13 Response of the mean water level to river discharge (a) and tidal range (b) at each station along the tidal reach of Xijiang River

图14 西江感潮河段沿程各站不同分潮的振幅对径流和潮差的响应

Fig.14 Response of the tidal amplitudes to river discharge and tidal range at each stations along the tidal reach of Xijiang River

图15 西江感潮河段沿程各站不同分潮迟角对径流和潮差的响应

Fig.15 Response of the tidal phases to river discharge and tidal range at each stations along the tidal reach of Xijiang River

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基于高、低潮位的西江感潮河段潮汐特征分析

Analysis of the tidal characteristics along the tidal reach of Xijiang River based on high and low tide levels

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