国家自然保护区海岛森林碳汇潜力评估及驱动因素分析

doi:10.3969-j.issn.1001-909X.2023.01.008

海洋学研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 96-109.DOI: 10.3969-j.issn.1001-909X.2023.01.008

国家自然保护区海岛森林碳汇潜力评估及驱动因素分析

伍良旭¹^,²(), 邹慧敏¹^,², 陈威³, 许明海³, 蔡厚才⁴, 陈抒忆⁵, 李香兰¹^,²^,^*()

1.北京师范大学全球变化与地球系统科学研究院,北京 100875
2.北京师范大学遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京 100875
3.浙江省平阳县自然资源与规划局,浙江温州 330326
4.南麂列岛国家海洋自然保护区管理局,浙江温州 330326
5.浙江省平阳县气象局,浙江温州 325400

收稿日期:2022-08-30 修回日期:2023-01-23 出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-04-28
通讯作者: *李香兰(1980—),女,副教授,主要从事陆地生态系统碳循环与温室气体研究,E-mail:xianglan_li@163.com。
作者简介:伍良旭(1998—),女,四川省泸州市人,主要从事海岸带蓝碳研究,E-mail:wuliangxu@mail.bnu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
浙江省平阳县自然资源和规划局项目资助(南麂列岛海岛森林碳储量估算与固碳机理研究);浙江省平阳县自然资源和规划局项目资助(南麂列岛海岛碳汇功能监测与评估技术研究)

Assessment of carbon sink potential and driving factors of island forests on national nature reserve

WU Liangxu¹^,²(), ZOU Huimin¹^,², CHEN Wei³, XU Minghai³, CAI Houcai⁴, CHEN Shuyi⁵, LI Xianglan¹^,²^,^*()

1. College of Global Change Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
3. Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Pingyang County, Wenzhou 330326, China
4. Nanji Island Marine Nature Reserve Administration, Wenzhou 330326, China
5. Meteorological Bureau of Pingyang County, Wenzhou 325400, China

Received:2022-08-30 Revised:2023-01-23 Online:2023-03-15 Published:2023-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

海岛森林生态系统受地理位置特殊和数据源较少等因素影响,其碳通量动态监测及碳汇功能评估鲜见报道。该文以南麂岛森林生态系统为研究对象,基于涡度相关技术探讨了2020—2021年净生态系统碳生产力(net ecosystem productivity, NEP)、总初级生产力(gross primary productivity, GPP)和生态系统呼吸(ecosystem respiration, Reco)的变化特征及其影响因素。结果显示,南麂岛森林生态系统表现为碳吸收,2020和2021年CO₂净吸收量分别为516 g C·m^-2·a^-1和598 g C·m^-2·a^-1,Reco分别为1 037 g C·m^-2·a^-1和1 646 g C·m^-2·a^-1,GPP分别为1 552 g C·m^-2·a^-1和2 244 g C·m^-2·a^-1。太阳总辐射(Rg)、光合有效辐射(PAR)、净辐射(Rn)、显热(H)与NEP、GPP显著正相关(p≤0.001);空气温度(Tair)和土壤温度(Tsoil)与Reco显著正相关(p≤0.001)。日尺度上南麂岛森林光合作用时间长于碳吸收时间,当Tair达到10.05~27.76 ℃,PAR达到110.47~429.44 μmol·m^-2·s^-1时,海岛森林光合作用强度高于生态系统呼吸作用强度,表现为CO₂吸收。南麂岛森林生态系统碳通量监测与评估将为建立我国蓝碳动态监测评估管理体系提供重要的理论支持。

Abstract:

The monitoring of carbon flux dynamics and assessment of carbon sink functions of island forest ecosystems are rarely reported due to their special geographical location and few data sources. In this study, the forest ecosystem of the Nanji Island was used as the research object, the carbon sink potential of island forests and their driving factors were assessed. Based on eddy correlation techniques, the temporal variation characteristics and driving factors of net ecosystem productivity (NEP), gross primary productivity (GPP), and ecosystem respiration (Reco) from 2020 to 2021 were explored. Results showed that the forest ecosystem of Nanji Island was carbon sink. Net CO₂ uptake in 2020 and 2021 were 516 g C·m^-2·a^-1 and 598 g C·m^-2·a^-1, Reco were 1 037 g C·m^-2·a^-1 and 1 646 g C·m^-2·a^-1, and GPP were 1 552 g C·m^-2·a^-1 and 2 244 g C·m^-2·a^-1, respectively. Total solar radiation (Rg), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), net radiation (Rn) and sensible heat (H) were significantly and positively correlated with NEP and GPP (p≤0.001); air temperature (Tair) and soil temperature (Tsoil) were significantly and positively correlated with Reco(p≤0.001). The photosynthesis time of Nanji Island forest was longer than the carbon sink time on the daily scale. When Tair reached 10.05-27.76 ℃ and PAR reached 110.47-429.44 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the photosynthesis intensity of island forest was higher than that of ecosystem respiration, which showed CO₂ absorption. The monitoring and assessment of carbon fluxes in the forest ecosystems of Nanji Island will provide an important theoretical support for the establishment of a dynamic monitoring and assessment management system for blue carbon in China.

Key words: eddy covariance, blue carbon, carbon flux, gross primary productivity, ecosystem respiration, island forest

中图分类号:

S718.5

伍良旭, 邹慧敏, 陈威, 许明海, 蔡厚才, 陈抒忆, 李香兰. 国家自然保护区海岛森林碳汇潜力评估及驱动因素分析[J]. 海洋学研究, 2023, 41(1): 96-109.

WU Liangxu, ZOU Huimin, CHEN Wei, XU Minghai, CAI Houcai, CHEN Shuyi, LI Xianglan. Assessment of carbon sink potential and driving factors of island forests on national nature reserve[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2023, 41(1): 96-109.

图/表 8

图1 南麂岛森林通量塔位置(a)及实物图(b,c)

Fig.1 Location(a) and photos(b,c) of the forest flux tower on Nanji Island

图2 2020—2021年海岛森林不同环境因子变化趋势

Fig.2 Trends of different environmental factors in island forests during 2020-2021

图3 2020年和2021年海岛森林净生态系统碳交换(NEE)、植被总初级生产力(GPP)和生态系统呼吸(Reco)的变化趋势及累积状况

Fig.3 Change trends and cumulative status of NEE, GPP and Reco in island forests during 2020-2021

图4 2020年和2021年海岛森林不同季节净生态系统碳交换(NEE)、植被总初级生产力(GPP)和生态系统呼吸(Reco)日变化趋势图

Fig.4 Daily chang trends in NEE, GPP and Reco in island forests by season in 2020 and 2021

图5 2020年和2021年海岛森林不同季节光合有效辐射(PAR)和气温(Tair)的日变化趋势 (红色阴影为碳吸收时间段,灰色阴影为日出至日落时间段。)

Fig.5 Daily change trends in PAR and Tair in island forests by season in 2020 and 2021 (The shade of red is the carbon absorption period and the shade of gray is the sunrise to sunset period.)

图6 2020—2021年海岛森林碳通量环境因子主成分分析

Fig.6 Principal component analysis of environmental factors for carbon fluxes in island forests during 2020-2021

图7 2020—2021年海岛森林碳通量与环境因子相关性 (图中参数的解释说明参见图6。)

Fig.7 Correlation coefficients between carbon fluxes and environmental factors in island forests during 2020-2021 (See Figure 6 for an explanation of the parameters in the figure.)

表1 全球范围内典型地区海岸带蓝碳生态系统的净生态系统生产力 (NEP)

Tab.1 NEP in blue carbon ecosystems of coastal zone in typical regions on a global scale

研究区域	经纬度	蓝碳类型	NEP/(g C·m^-2·a^-1)	参考文献
广东高桥	21.56°N, 109.75°E	自然红树林	2 101.77	文献[32]
福建云霄	23.92°N, 117.41°E	自然红树林	540~1 233	文献[25]
广东雷州	20.00°N, 110.09°E	恢复红树林	1 105.15	文献[32]
香港米埔	22.49°N, 114.3°E	恢复红树林	690~890	文献[33]
广东高桥	21.56°N, 109.75°E	自然红树林	721	文献[34]
广东珠江口	22.60°N, 113.64°E	恢复红树林	175	文献[35]
中国		红树林	209~973	文献[10,13]
Florida Everglades, USA	25.364 6°N, 81.077 9°W	自然红树林	832~1 170	文献[36]
Sundarbans, India	20.82°N, 88.61°E	自然红树林	249	文献[37]
New Caledonia, France	20.937 5°N, 164.658 3°E	自然红树林	73.8	文献[38]
全球		红树林	649.89	文献[39]
上海长江口	31.213 0°N, 121.906 9°E	盐沼湿地	901	文献[40]
上海九段沙	31.213 0°N, 121.906 9°E	盐沼湿地	550~869	文献[41]
上海崇明东滩	31.516 6°—31.516 9°N, 121.960 0°—121.971 6°E	盐沼湿地	518~737	文献[42]
山东黄河三角洲	37.763 8°N, 118.973 3°E	盐沼湿地	237~261	文献[43]
中国		盐沼湿地	865	文献[12]
Massachusetts, USA	42.736°N, 70.828°W	盐沼湿地	256~337	文献[18]
全球		盐沼	522.17	文献[39]
全球		海草床	367~646	文献[11]
Tucson, USA Arizona, USA	32.416 6°N, 110.725 3°W	海岛森林	371~651	文献[5]
Vancouver Island, Canada	49.519 4°—49.872 2°N, 124.901 6°—125.335 0°W	海岛森林	359 ~635	文献[44]
浙江南麂岛	27.476°N, 121.053°E	海岛森林	516~598	本研究

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国家自然保护区海岛森林碳汇潜力评估及驱动因素分析

Assessment of carbon sink potential and driving factors of island forests on national nature reserve

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