甬江口海洋倾倒区沉积物中多氯联苯分布特征和生态风险评价

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2014.04.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探讨甬江口海洋倾倒区附近海域表层沉积物中多氯联苯的污染水平及生态环境影响,对2014年1月在甬江口倾倒区及附近海域采集的8个沉积物样品用气相色谱法测定PCBs残留量,并且进行环境生态风险评价。结果显示:甬江口海洋倾倒区表层沉积物中PCBs含量为1.310~6.538 μg·kg^-1,平均值为3.413 μg·kg^-1,其分布表现为西北和东南向PCBs含量高于倾倒区;10种指示性PCBs中,主要以低氯代的PCB28、PCB118和PCB155为主,其中PCB118和PCB155在表层沉积物中的含量相对较高,其含量在各采样站位中占PCBs总量的26.1%~93.1%。甬江口海洋倾倒区沉积物中PCBs污染水平低于长江口、闽江口及珠江口,高于鸭绿江口、辽河口及黄河口。采用潜在生态危害指数法、加拿大环境质量标准ISQG法、生态风险值(EPA)法及毒性当量因子法进行评价,结果基本一致:甬江口海洋倾倒区属于较低生态风险,一般不会引起生物的负效应。

关键词: 倾倒区, 沉积物, 多氯联苯, 分布特征, 风险评价

Abstract: In order to study the level of pollution and impact on ecological environment of polychlorinated biphenyl in surface sediments in the dumping site of Yongjiang Estuary, 8 sites of samples were collected in the dumping site and its nearby area in January, 2014. The contents of polychlorinated biphenyl were detected by a gas chromatography with electron capture detector, and then the ecological risk assessment was studied. The results showed that the content range of polychlorinated biphenyl were varied from 1.310 to 6.538 μg·kg^-1, while the average content was 3.413 μg·kg^-1in surface sediments in the dumping site of Yongjiang Estuary. The distribution of polychlorinated biphenyl in northwest and southeast was higher than that in dumping site. The types of polychlorinated biphenyl found in the surface sediments were mainly PCB28, PCB 118, PCB 155, and the contents of PCB118 and PCB155 were in relatively high levels, accounting for 26.1% to 93.1% of the total polychlorinated biphenyl in all sites. Compared with other main estuaries, the pollution level of polychlorinated biphenyl in the dumping site of Yongjiang Estuary was lower than that in Yangtze River Estuary, Minjiang River Estuary and Pearl River Estuary, but it was higher than that in Yalu River Estuary, Liao River Estuary and Yellow River Estuary. Furthermore, the Hakanson ecological risk index method, Canadian sediment quality guidelines, ecological risk index method and toxic equivalency factors method were used to conduct an assessment of the pollution of polychlorinated biphenyl. The results were basically the same. It revealed that surface sediments from the dumping site of Yongjiang Estuary were at a lower risk, and it could not cause the negative effects of organisms.

Key words: dumping site, sediment, polychlorinated biphenyl, distributing characteristic, risk assessment

中图分类号:

X820.4

徐国锋, 金余娣, 沈继平. 甬江口海洋倾倒区沉积物中多氯联苯分布特征和生态风险评价[J]. 海洋学研究, 2014, 32(4): 76-82.

XU Guo-feng, JIN Yu-di, SHEN Ji-ping. Distribution and ecological risk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyl in surface sediments in the dumping site of Yongjiang Estuary, China[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2014, 32(4): 76-82.

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